老年脑小血管病患者合并认知衰弱的研究进展

Research Progress of Cognitive Frailty in El-derly Patients with Small Cerebral Vascular Disease

摘要: 脑小血管病(Cerebral Small Vessel Disease, CSVD)是指由颅内小动脉、小静脉、毛细血管病变及脑实质结构改变引起的不同临床表现和神经影像学特征的一组综合征。认知衰弱是指存在身体虚弱和认知障碍，且排除了神经退行性疾病引起的痴呆和认知障碍。随着对脑小血管病研究的深入以及认知衰弱概念的提出，人们发现在脑小血管病中认知衰弱的患病率高且预后效果不佳。因此，在对脑小血管病合并认知衰弱早期识别，尽早给与危险因素干预改善预后显得至关重要。本文旨在帮助临床医师具体认识脑小血管病合并认知衰弱这一病症，并为进一步研究提供参考，对脑小血管病合并认知衰弱相关进行综述。

Abstract: Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a group of syndromes with different clinical manifestations and neuroimaging features caused by intracranial small arterial, venous, and capillary vasculopa-thy and structural changes in the brain parenchyma. Cognitive decline is defined as the presence of physical weakness and cognitive impairment and excludes dementia and cognitive impairment caused by neurodegenerative diseases. With the deepening of research on cerebral small- vessel disease and the introduction of the concept of cognitive decline, it has been found that the preva-lence of cognitive decline in cerebral small-vessel disease is high and the prognosis is poor. There-fore, it is crucial to recognize cognitive decline in small vessel cerebrovascular disease at an early stage and provide risk factor interventions as early as possible to improve the prognosis. The aim of this article is to help clinicians to specifically recognize the condition of cerebral small vessel dis-ease combined with cognitive weakness, and to provide a reference for further research, and to provide a review of the association of cerebral small vessel disease combined with cognitive weak-ness.