煤矿区地表水水化学特征分析

Chemical Characterisation of Surface Water in Coal Mining Areas

摘要: 文章为阐明地表水的水化学特征及成因机制，以宿州芦岭矿区地表水为研究对象，采集样品7个，通过Piper三线图图示法、Gibbs图分析和离子比例系数的方法分析宿州芦岭矿区地表水水化学特征及形成制，开展地表水质量评价。得出结论：研究区优势阳离子为Na⁺，优势阴离子为HCO₃−。水体中水化学类型共有2种，其中Na-Mg-HCO₃−Cl型有6个，Na-Mg-HCO₃−SO₄型有1个。影响地表水水化学特征的主要是岩石风化作用，Na⁺和Cl⁻主要来源于岩盐溶解，Ca²⁺和Mg²⁺主要以方解石溶解为主。研究区水样主要受蒸发岩风化溶解的影响。通过水质评价可以得到研究区地表水符合《地表水环境质量标准》，研究区地表水若用于灌溉会给土壤或者作物带来中等程度的碱害风险。

Abstract: In order to elucidate the hydrochemical characteristics of surface water and the mechanism of its formation, seven samples were collected from the surface water of Luling mine area in Suzhou, and the chemical characteristics and formation mechanism of surface water in Luling mine area in Suzhou were analysed by means of Piper’s trilinear graphical method, Gibbs plot analysis and ion scale coefficients. The study area is characterised by Na⁺ as the dominant cation and HCO₃− as the dominant anion. There are two types of water chemistry in the water body, including six Na-Mg-HCO₃−Cl types and one Na-Mg-HCO₃−SO₄ type. The main influence on the chemical characteristics of surface water is rock weathering, with Na⁺ and Cl⁻ mainly derived from rock salt dissolution, and Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ mainly from calcite dissolution. The water samples in the study area are mainly affected by the weathering dissolution of evaporites. The water quality assessment shows that the surface water in the study area complies with the Environmental Quality Standard for Surface Water, and that the surface water in the study area poses a moderate risk of alkali damage to soil or crops if used for irrigation.