超声在儿童支原体肺炎诊治中的临床价值

The Clinical Value of Lung Ultrasound in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Mycoplasma Pneumonia in Children

摘要: 目的：探讨肺部超声检查在儿童肺炎支原体肺炎中的诊断和治疗价值，并为患儿的临床干预提供依据。方法：选取2023年1月至2023年12月在自贡市妇幼保健院儿科收治的肺炎支原体肺炎患儿62例作为观察组(n = 62)，同时选取同期62名健康儿童作为对照组(n = 62)，比较两组儿童的临床资料和肺部超声特征性指标。结果：观察组绝大部分出现不同程度的异常超声表现，其中肺实变48例(77.4%)、B线伴胸膜下小范围肺实变27例(43.5%)、支气管充气征37例(59.6%)、胸膜线异常50例(80.6%)、胸腔积液11例(17.7%)；对照组极少出现异常超声征像，其中肺实变2例(3.2%)、B线伴胸膜下小范围肺实变3例(4.8%)、支气管充气征0例、胸膜线异常1例(1.6%)、胸腔积液0例。两组差异均具有统计学意义，P < 0.05。经过一周的治疗后，观察组多数患儿的异常肺部超声声像图特征有所改善。结论：儿童肺炎支原体肺炎患儿的肺部超声表现与健康儿童存在显著差异，支原体肺炎患儿的肺部超声呈现出多种异常改变；肺部超声检查可以作为儿童肺炎支原体肺炎的诊断和疗效评估的辅助手段。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the diagnostic and therapeutic value of lung ultrasound in the diagnosis and treatment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children, and to provide a basis for clini-cal intervention in children. Methods: A total of 62 children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneu-monia admitted to the Pediatrics Department of Zigong Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2023 to December 2023 were selected as the observation group (n = 62). Simultaneously, 62 healthy children during the same period were selected as the control group (n = 62). The clinical data and characteristic lung ultrasound indicators of the two groups were compared. Results: The majority of the observation group exhibited abnormal ultrasound findings to varying degrees, in-cluding 48 cases of lung consolidation (77.4%), 27 cases of B-lines accompanied by small pleural lung consolidation (43.5%), 37 cases of bronchial air-trapping sign (59.6%), 50 cases of pleural line abnormalities (80.6%), and 11 cases of pleural effusion (17.7%). The control group rarely exhibited abnormal ultrasound findings, including 2 cases of lung consolidation (3.2%), 3 cases of B-lines ac-companied by small pleural lung consolidation (4.8%), 0 cases of bronchial air-trapping sign, 1 case of pleural line abnormalities (1.6%), and 0 cases of pleural effusion. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05). After one week of treatment, the abnormal lung ultrasound findings of most children in the observation group improved. Conclusion: There are sig-nificant differences in lung ultrasound findings between children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia and healthy children. Children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia exhibit vari-ous abnormal lung ultrasound changes. Lung ultrasound can be used as an auxiliary tool for the di-agnosis and evaluation of treatment efficacy in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia.