氧化石墨烯/蒙脱土协同增强纤维素纳米纤维气凝胶的制备与表征

Preparation and Characterization of Graphene Oxide/Montmorillonite Synergistically Reinforced Cellulose Nanofiber Aerogels

摘要: 纳米纤维素基气凝胶因其材料天然可再生的特点受到广泛的关注，但其易燃、机械性能差的缺点使其实际应用受到限制。本文以纳米纤维素为基底，氧化石墨烯(GO)与钠基蒙脱土(Na-MMT)为填料，通过定向冷冻干燥制备了CNF/GO/MMT复合气凝胶。定向冷冻的方法使得复合气凝胶保持了较低的热导率(37.43 mW mK⁻¹)，同时与纯CNF气凝胶相比，复合气凝胶的抗压强度提高了6倍(达到669 KPa)，阻燃性能也得到了显著的提升。这些测试结果表明通过GO/MMT的加入，成功地提高了复合气凝胶的综合性能，为建筑隔热材料提供了新的选择。

Abstract: Nanocellulose-based aerogels have received widespread attention due to the natural and renewable nature of the material, but their flammability and poor mechanical properties have limited their practical application. In this paper, CNF/GO/MMT composite aerogels were prepared by directional freeze-drying using nanofibrillated cellulose as the substrate and graphene oxide (GO) with sodium-based montmorillonite (Na-MMT) as the filler. The method of targeted freez-ing allowed the composite aerogel to maintain a low thermal conductivity (37.43 mW mK⁻¹). Meanwhile, compared with the pure CNF aerogel, the compressive strength of the composite aerogel has been increased by 6 times (up to 669 KPa), and the flame-retardant property has also been significantly improved. These test results indicate that the comprehensive perfor-mance of the composite aerogel has been successfully improved by the incorporation of GO/MMT, which provides a new option for building insulation materials.