地方公共政策扩散机制研究——以城市生活垃圾分类政策为例

Study on the Diffusion Mechanism of Local Public Policies—Taking the Classification Policy of Municipal Domestic Waste as an Example

摘要: 越来越多的城市出台了生活垃圾分类政策，但较少有研究从政策扩散的理论视角对地方政府出台生活垃圾分类政策进行分析。本文对我国45个生活垃圾强制分类的试点城市进行实证分析发现，中央的支持和鼓励显著影响了生活垃圾分类制度在各试点城市的扩散，人均GDP、人口密度、上级政策压力、人均生活垃圾清运量、人均市容环卫专用车辆五个变量在不同程度上都会提高城市推行生活垃圾分类制度的可能性。但进一步推广生活垃圾分类政策的还需要地方政府的持续努力。

Abstract: More and more cities have introduced domestic waste classification policies, but few studies have analyzed the domestic waste classification policies issued by local governments from the theoretical perspective of policy diffusion. Based on the empirical analysis of 45 pilot cities of compulsory classification of domestic waste in China, it is found that the support and encouragement of the central government have significantly affected the spread of domestic waste classification system in each pilot city. Five variables, such as per capita GDP, population density, policy pressure from higher authorities, per capita domestic waste removal and per capita city appearance and sanitation vehicles, will improve the possibility of implementing domestic waste classification system in cities to varying degrees. However, the continuous efforts of local governments are needed to further promote the domestic waste classification policy.