碳点对小麦灌浆期抗渍性的影响

Effects of Carbon Dots on the Resistance to Waterlogging during Grain Filling in Wheat

摘要: 目的：探究不同浓度碳点溶液对小麦灌浆期抗渍性的影响，为小麦抗逆栽培提供理论指导。方法：在小麦花后进行10天的渍水胁迫，渍水结束后设置喷施250倍、500倍和1000倍碳点稀释液和清水4种处理，以不渍水作为对照。测定花后上部三片叶的叶绿素含量(SPAD)的动态变化，并测定产量、产量构成因子和成熟期地上部干物质积累量。结果：小麦花后渍水胁迫导致产量、有效穗数、成熟期地上部干物质积累量、收获指数、上三叶的叶绿素含量显著降低；渍水后叶面喷施250倍和500倍碳点稀释液可将产量提高到无渍水水平，主要是因为有效穗数和收获指数有不同程度的提高；渍水后叶面喷施碳点溶液可以缓解旗叶、倒2叶和倒3叶的叶绿素的降解，在3个浓度中，1000倍碳点稀释液效果最好。结论：喷施碳点溶液可以减少小麦花后渍水胁迫导致的产量损失，缓解渍水胁迫对小麦的不利影响。

Abstract: Objective: To Investigate the effects of carbon dots (CDs) on the resistance to waterlogging in wheat, and provide practical advice for stress-resistance cultivation in wheat. Methods: 250 times, 500 times, 1000 times CDs diluent and clean water were sprayed onto wheat canopy after 10-days duration under waterlogging, respectively, and non-waterlogging treatment was used as control (CK). Thereafter, the dynamic changes in chlorophyll content (SPAD) of the top three leaves, yield, yield components, and aboveground dry matter accumulation at maturity were measured. Results: Waterlogging during grain filling in wheat resulted in significant decrease in grain yield, effective spikes number, aboveground dry matter accumulation at maturity, harvest index, and chlorophyll content in the top three leaves. Spraying 250 times and 500 carbon dilution solution onto the leaves after waterlogging increased grain yield to the level of CK, which was mainly attributed to the improvement of effective spikes number and harvest index. Carbon dot solution also alleviated the degradation of chlorophyll in flag leaves, top 2nd and 3rd leaves, and 1000 times diluted solution showed the best effect among the three concentrations of carbon dot. Conclusions: Spraying carbon dot solution could reduce yield loss caused by waterlogging during grain filling and alleviate the adverse effect of waterlogging in wheat.