家庭教养方式对小学生同伴关系的影响：师生关系和邻里关系的中介效应

The Influence of Family Rearing Style on Pupils’ Peer Relationship: The Mediating Effect of Teacher-Student Relationship and Neighborly Relations

摘要: 目的：探讨师生关系及邻里关系在家庭教养方式和小学生同伴关系之间的中介作用。方法：本研究随机抽取广东省某市509名小学生同伴关系量表、师生关系问卷和邻里关系问卷进行问卷调查，其家长完成父母教养方式问卷。结果显示：1) 放任型教养方式负向预测小学生同伴关系，而民主型教养方式、师生关系、邻里关系均能正向预测小学生同伴关系；2) 师生关系在放任型教养方式与同伴关系之间起部分中介作用；3) 师生关系和邻里关系在民主型教养方式和同伴关系之间起部分中介作用。家庭教养方式既可以直接影响小学生同伴关系，也可以通过师生关系和邻里关系间接影响小学生同伴关系。

Abstract: Objective: To explore the mediating effect of teacher-student relationship and neighborhood relationship between family rearing style and pupil peer relationship. Methods: 509 primary school students in a city of Guangdong Province were randomly selected to conduct a questionnaire survey on peer relationship scale, teacher-student relationship questionnaire and neighborhood relationship questionnaire, and their parents completed the parenting style questionnaire. The results showed that: 1) The laissez-faire parenting negatively predicted the pupil’s peer relationship, while the democratic parenting style, teacher-student relationship and neighborhood relationship all positively predicted the pupil’s peer relationship; 2) The teacher-student relationship plays a partial mediating role between the laissez-faire parenting and the peer relationship; 3) Teacher-student relationship and neighborhood relationship play a part of mediating role between democratic parenting style and peer relationship. Family rearing style can not only directly affect pupil’s peer relationship, but also indirectly affect pupil’s peer relationship through teacher-student relationship and neighborhood relationship.