参苓白术散对炎症性肠病大鼠肠道短链脂肪酸含量及肠道保护作用的影响研究

Effects of Shenling Baizhu Powder on Intestinal Short-Chain Fatty Acid Content and Intestinal Protection in Rats with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

摘要: 目的：研究参苓白术散在炎症性肠病发展中的作用，并进一步探讨其对肠道短链脂肪酸(SCFAs)的影响。方法：将24只大鼠用随机数字法分为三组：对照组(SO)、IBD组(IBD)、参苓白术散干预组(SLBZS)，每组各8只大鼠。IBD组大鼠在饮用水中加入3% DSS，建立IBD模型。SLBZS组在建模组基础上同时给予参苓白术散浓缩滤液12 g·kg⁻¹灌胃，每日一次，SO组正常饮食。观察大鼠粪便状态，饮食、饮水、体重等指标。所有大鼠建模10天后麻醉处死，收集血清、粪便及结肠样本。观察大鼠粪便性质、活动状态及体重变化，检测血清TNF-α、IL-6、内毒素等炎症指标，测定粪便SCFAs含量以确定参苓白术散对其影响，观测结肠长度及其病理学形态。结果：观察评分发现，在给予大鼠参苓白术散治疗后，大鼠自主活动明显上升，稀便、腹泻情况出现了缓解，同时体重的下降水平较IBD组低。与IBD组相比，SLBZS组血清IL-6、TNF-α及内毒素含量明显降低(P < 0.05)。对粪便中SCFAs的检测显示，SLBZS组肠道中三种主要的SCFAs (乙酸、丙酸、丁酸)含量较IBD组均出现回升(P < 0.01)。结肠长度及形态上，SLBZS组大鼠结肠长度显著增长，同时从肉眼观察看，SLBZS组大鼠结肠炎症及水肿程度较IBD组低；结肠组织HE染色病理学观察显示，SLBZS组结肠组织肠粘膜上皮、杯状细胞以及隐窝数量有所回升，提示结肠炎症水平降低。结论：参苓白术散表现出对IBD的治疗作用及对肠道的保护作用，同时可提高肠道SCFAs含量。

Abstract: Objective: To study the role of Shenling Baizhu powder in the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and to further explore its effect on intestinal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Methods: 24 rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group (SO), IBD group (IBD) and Shenling Baizhu Powder intervention group (SLBZS) with 8 rats in each group. Rats in IBD group were added with 3% DSS in drinking water to establish IBD model. SLBZS group was also given 12 g·kg⁻¹ concentrated filtrate of Shenling Baizhu powder once a day on the basis of modeling group, and SO group was fed a normal diet. The stool status, diet, drinking water and weight of rats were observed. All rats were anesthetized 10 days after modeling, and serum, fecal and colon samples were collected. The stool properties, activity status and body weight of rats were observed, the serum TNF-α, IL-6, endotoxin and other inflammatory indicators were detected, the fecal SCFAs content was determined to determine the influence of Shenling Baizhu Powder on the rats, and the colon length and pathological morphology were observed. Results: After the treatment of Shenling Baizhu powder, the autonomic activity of rats increased significantly, the situation of loose stool and diarrhea was relieved, and the level of weight loss was lower than that of IBD group. Compared with IBD group, serum IL-6, TNF-α and end otoxin contents in SLBZS group were significantly decreased (P < 0.05). The detection of SCFAs in stool showed that the contents of three major SCFAs (acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid) in the intestine of SLBZS group were higher than those of IBD group (P < 0.01). In terms of colonic length and morphology, the colonic length of SLBZS group increased significantly, and the degree of colonic inflammation and edema in SLBZS group was lower than that in IBD group. HE staining pathological observation of colon tissue showed that the number of intestinal mucosal epithelium, goblet cells and crypts increased in the colon tissue of SLBZS group, suggesting a decrease in the level of colon inflammation. Conclusion: Shenling Baizhu Powder can treat IBD and protect intestinal tract, and increase intestinal SCFAs content.