基于中欧班列的供应链金融风险分析

Risk Analysis of Supply Chain Finance Based on the China Europe Freight Train

摘要: 基于中欧班列的供应链金融风险分析有利于优化一带一路建设、跨国铁路货运贸易以及我国大宗商品供应链金融的发展。本文依据供应链金融风险控制理论，按照“风险识别–风险评估–风险应对”的顺序进行风险识别，并基于经济、竞争、财务、信用、运营五维度风险进行风险评估。通过德尔菲法和层次分析法选取指标，构建有针对性的供应链金融风险评估体系，并得出结论：供应链金融公司最重视信用风险、其次是运营风险、再次是财务风险，财务风险中主要关心核心企业的资产负债率和应收账款周转率，经济风险和竞争风险则主要作为参考因素。这与供应链金融现状相符，也能更科学的说明中欧班列存在的问题。随后就中欧班列供应链金融风险管控中的主要问题提出了了优化建议。

Abstract: The supply chain financial risk analysis based on China Europe Express is conducive to optimizing the development of the the Belt and Road construction, cross-border railway freight trade and China’s bulk commodity supply chain finance. This article is based on the theory of supply chain finance risk control, and carries out risk identification in the order of “risk identification risk assessment risk response”. Risk assessment is based on the five dimensions of economic, competitive, financial, credit, and operational risks. By using the Delphi Method and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to select indicators, a targeted supply chain finance risk assessment system is constructed, and the conclusion is drawn that supply chain finance companies attach the most importance to credit risk, followed by operational risk, and then financial risk. Financial risk mainly concerns the asset liability ratio and accounts receivable turnover rate of the core enterprise, Economic and competitive risks are mainly used as reference factors. This is consistent with the current situation of supply chain finance and can also provide a more scientific explanation of the problems existing in the China Europe freight train. Subsequently, optimization suggestions were proposed for the main issues in risk management of the supply chain finance of the China Europe freight train.