振幅整合脑电图在不同胎龄早产儿脑成熟度中的研究

Study of Amplitude Integrated Electroencephalogram on Brain Maturity of Preterm Infants of Different Gestational Ages

摘要: 目的：探讨振幅整合脑电图(aEEG)在不同胎龄早产儿脑成熟度中的研究。方法：选取2020年6与月~2023年5月安徽医科大学附属巢湖医院新生儿科收治的患儿为研究对象，其中61例早产儿为观察组，按胎龄分为早期组(9例，<32周)、中期组(11例，32~33周)、晚期组(41例，34~36周)，另选取同期非脑损伤足月儿43例(37~42周)作为对照组。所有患儿均接受aEEG检查，并对aEEG评分及振幅电压进行对比分析。结果：随出生胎龄增加，四组患儿aEEG各项评分及总分均呈上升趋势，各组间的差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。此外，四组患儿宽带(QS)与窄带(AS)的上界振幅电压随出生胎龄增长逐渐降低，而下界振幅电压随出生胎龄增加逐渐升高，带宽逐渐变窄，QS时长逐渐缩短，各组间比较，差异均有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论：在健康早产儿中，aEEG是一种可靠的脑监测工具，不同胎龄早产儿aEEG具有一定的规律，其背景图随胎龄的增加而日趋完善，利用aEEG对早产儿脑发育状况进行评价，能为临床早期判断早产儿脑功能提供一定的参考依据。

Abstract: Objective: To investigate the study of amplitude integrated electroencephalogram (aEEG) on brain maturity of preterm infants of different gestational ages. Methods: Children admitted to the Department of Neonatology at Chaohu Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University from June 2020 to May 2023 were selected as the study subjects. Among them, 61 premature infants were selected as the observation group and divided into early group (9 cases, <32 weeks), mid-term group (11 cases, 32~33 weeks), and late group (41 cases, 34~36 weeks) according to gestational age. Additionally, 43 term infants without brain injury during the same period (37~42 weeks) were selected as the control group. All patients underwent aEEG examination, and the aEEG scores and amplitude voltage changes were compared among the four groups of patients. Results: The aEEG scores and total scores of the four groups of children showed an upward trend with increasing gestational age, and the differences between the groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05). In addition, the upper bound amplitude voltage of broadband (QS) and narrowband (AS) in the four groups of children gradually decreased with increasing gestational age, while the lower bound amplitude voltage gradually increased with increasing gestational age. The bandwidth gradually narrowed, and the QS duration gradually decreased. The differences between the groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: In healthy premature infants, aEEG is a reliable brain monitoring tool. The aEEG patterns of premature infants of different gestational ages have certain patterns. As gestational age increases, the background patterns of aEEG gradually mature. The use of aEEG can effectively evaluate the brain development of premature infants and provide a certain reference basis for early clinical judgment of brain function.