肝癌伴微血管侵犯的相关因素研究

Study on the Related Factors of Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Microvascular Invasion

摘要: 肝癌是严重危害人类健康的重大疾病，到2025年，肝癌患者新增将突破100万。肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma, HCC)是肝癌中最常见的一种，约占85%。我国人口基数较大，是肝癌发病重灾区，发病率在恶性肿瘤中处于第四位，2022年新增肝癌患者为39.9万例，每年因为肝癌而导致的死亡人数约是全世界的一半，在我国的恶性肿瘤致死率排名中，位居第二位。目前最好的根治方法仍然是手术切除，但是肝细胞癌的预后还是不佳。肿瘤的分化程度、数目、大小、有无转移等都会影响到肝癌的预后。在临床上，越来越多的研究表明，手术后经病理确认伴有微血管侵犯(Microvascular invasion, MVI)的患者，其复发率明显升高，生存率明显下降。因此，肝癌的恶性程度及预后，除了与肿瘤大小、数量、远处转移等因素有关外，还与肝癌是否伴有MVI密切相关。因此，判断肝细胞癌是否发生MVI并及时采取适当的干预措施是提高肝细胞癌患者生存率的关键。

Abstract: Liver cancer is a major disease that seriously endangers human health. By 2025, the increase of liver cancer patients will exceed 1 million. HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma, HCC) is one of the most common in liver cancer, about 85%. China has a large population base, is the worst-hit area of liver cancer, the incidence of malignant tumors in the fourth place, in 2022, the number of new liver cancer patients for 399,000 cases, the annual number of deaths caused by liver cancer is about half of the world, in China’s malignant tumor fatality rate ranking second. Surgical resection is still the best option, but the prognosis for hepatocellular carcinoma remains poor. The degree of differentiation, number, size and metastasis of the tumor will affect the prognosis of liver cancer. Clinically, more and more studies have shown that the recurrence rate of patients with microvascular invasion (MVI) confirmed by pathology after surgery is significantly increased, and the survival rate is significantly decreased. The malignant degree and prognosis of HCC, therefore, in addition to and, distant metastasis, tumor size, number and related factors, but also closely related with liver cancer if accompanied by MVI. Therefore, to determine whether MVI occurs in hepatocellular carcinoma and to take appropriate intervention measures in time is the key to improve survival rate of hepatocellular carcinoma patients.