白细胞介素-6在急性呼吸窘迫综合征中的生物学作用及治疗研究进展

Research Progress on the Biological Role and Treatment of Interleukin-6 in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

摘要: 急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)是一种严重急性肺损伤(ALI)的状态，其特征是短时间内弥漫性肺损伤、双侧肺水肿和顽固性低氧血症，目前尚无特异性治疗方法。白细胞介素-6 (IL-6)是一种能与自身受体结合形成复合物并通过信号传导发挥生物学作用的多功能细胞因子，在临床上与ARDS的发生、发展和预后密切相关。现有研究发现ARDS患者循环IL-6水平明显升高，并且与疾病严重程度呈正相关。在脂多糖诱导的急性肺损伤模型中，使用IL-6信号转导抑制剂显著减少了促炎细胞因子的释放。因此，靶向IL-6信号传导可能是治疗ARDS的有效方法。为了更深入理解IL-6在ARDS中的作用，该综述主要对IL-6的生物学特性、IL-6不同受体介导的信号转导机制以及目前靶向IL-6信号治疗的研究进展进行详细阐述，旨在为进一步以IL-6信号通路为靶点的ARDS药物研究提供理论依据。

Abstract: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a state of severe acute lung injury (ALI) characterised by diffuse lung injury in a short period, bilateral pulmonary oedema and refractory hypoxaemia. There is currently no specific treatment for ARDS. Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine that binds to the receptors to form a complex and exerts biological effects through signaling pathway, which is clinically associated with the onset, development and prognosis of ARDS. Studies have shown that circulating levels of IL-6 are significantly elevated in ARDS patients and correlated with the severity of the disease. A reduction in the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines was observed by inhibiting IL-6 signalling in a lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury model. Therefore, targeting the IL-6 signaling may be an effective approach for ARDS treatment. For a deeper understanding of the role of IL-6 in ARDS, the review elaborated on the biological properties of IL-6, the signalling mechanisms mediated by different receptors and current research progress in IL-6 signaling targeted therapy, which aims to provide a theoretical basis for further drug research targeting the IL-6 signalling pathway.