复发性髌骨脱位的手术治疗研究进展

Research Advances in Surgical Treatment of Recurrent Patellar Dislocation

摘要: 复发性髌骨脱位是膝关节损伤的常见问题，其手术治疗方法不断演进。本综述回顾了近年来手术治疗的进展，重点关注了手术技术及理念的创新。传统的手术方法如外侧支持带松解术和内侧支持带修复术已逐渐被内侧支持带重建术和股骨滑车成形术所取代，这些方法通过改善髌骨轨迹和增强内侧稳定性，提高了治疗效果。此外，个体化治疗策略实施，有助于提升患者术后功能恢复。尽管如此，手术适应症的选择、手术技术的精确性和术后管理仍需进一步研究。未来的研究应致力于提高手术成功率，减少并发症，以及优化患者的长期预后。

Abstract: Recurrent patellar dislocation is a common problem of knee joint injury, and its surgical treatment is constantly evolving. This review reviews the progress of surgical treatment in recent years, focusing on the innovation of surgical techniques and ideas. Traditional surgical methods such as lateral retinaculum release and medial retinaculum repair have been gradually replaced by medial retinaculum reconstruction and femoral trochlea plasty. These methods improve the therapeutic effect by improving the patellar trajectory and enhancing the medial stability. In addition, the implementation of individualized treatment strategy is helpful to improve the postoperative functional recovery of patients. Nevertheless, the selection of surgical indications, the accuracy of surgical techniques and postoperative management still need to be further studied. Future research should focus on improving the success rate of surgery, reducing complications and optimizing the long-term prognosis of patients.