近距离放疗在中晚期宫颈癌治疗中的现状及意义

The Current Status and Significance of Close-Range Radiotherapy in the Treatment of Advanced Cervical Cancer

摘要: 对于有中晚期宫颈癌或手术条件较差，以及存在多种病理危险因素的病人来说，放射治疗起着核心作用。放射治疗有外照射治疗和近距离放射治疗。对于肿瘤原发灶，近距离治疗表现出明显的优势。近距离放射治疗是通过放置含有放射性同位素的源来发挥作用，这些同位素可以在指定的距离内发射辐射。在消除和缩小肿瘤的同时，最大限度保护了正常组织，减轻了放射治疗副反应。近年来，随着现代影像技术和图像处理技术的发展和普及，国内外逐步将四维成像技术应用于宫颈癌的近距离放疗中。组织间插植联合腔内近距离放疗的临床近期疗效及优势也不断被证实。本文旨在介绍近距离放射治疗技术及治疗方式的进展，主要回顾图像引导的近距离放疗及组织间插植联合腔内近距离放疗的应用情况。

Abstract: For patients with advanced or late-stage cervical cancer, or those with poor surgical conditions and multiple pathological risk factors, radiation therapy plays a crucial role. Radiation therapy includes external beam radiation therapy and brachytherapy. Brachytherapy demonstrates significant advantages for the primary tumor site. It involves the placement of sources containing radioactive isotopes, which emit radiation within a specified distance. This approach maximizes the protection of normal tissues while eliminating and shrinking the tumor, thereby reducing the side effects of radiation therapy. In recent years, with the development and popularization of modern imaging and image processing technologies, domestic and foreign institutions have gradually applied four-dimensional imaging technology to brachytherapy for cervical cancer. The clinical short-term efficacy and advantages of interstitial brachytherapy combined with intracavitary brachytherapy have been continuously confirmed. This article aims to introduce the progress of brachytherapy technology and treatment methods, focusing on the application of image-guided brachytherapy and interstitial brachytherapy combined with intracavitary brachytherapy.