斑秃免疫学机制研究进展

Advances in the Research of the Immunological Mechanisms of Alopecia Areata

摘要: 斑秃是一种突发的炎症性、非瘢痕性的脱发性疾病，临床表现为斑片状脱发、全部头发脱落、全身毛发的脱落。本病具有自限性，但易复发，当前治疗效果的数据有限。目前斑秃的发病机制尚未完全了解，但越来越多的证据证明斑秃是一种免疫介导的疾病。近年来，随着不断的深入研究及靶向精准治疗的发展，参与斑秃的免疫学机制也随之进展。本文就斑秃免疫学机制及研究进展进行综述。

Abstract: Alopecia areata is a sudden-onset, inflammatory, non-scarring hair loss disease, clinically manifested as patchy hair loss, complete loss of hair on the scalp, and loss of body hair. The disease is self-limiting but prone to recurrence, and data on the current treatment efficacy are limited. The pathogenesis of alopecia areata is not fully understood, but increasing evidence suggests that it is an immune-mediated disease. In recent years, with continuous in-depth research and the development of targeted precision therapy, the understanding of the immunological mechanisms involved in alopecia areata has progressed. This article provides a comprehensive review of the immunological mechanisms and research progress in alopecia areata.