汉语否定句中的焦点关联

On the Negative Focus of Chinese Negative Sentences

摘要: 本文在既往研究的基础上，对焦点的特征和类型进行了总结和区分，对汉语否定句的否定辖域、否定焦点进行了分析，发现否定句的否定范围成分由否定词和VP的成分统治关系确定；否定中心与焦点相关联，否定焦点由否定句中的焦点标记词决定，有焦点标记词的句子，其否定词否定的是对比焦点，无焦点标记词的否定句中，其否定词否定的是自然焦点，否定句中不存在毗邻否定，否定焦点的辖域不仅受到语法规则的约束，而且受到语境、说话者意图和听话者解读等多重因素的共同影响，为进一步理解汉语否定句提供了理论参考。

Abstract: Based on the previous research studies, this paper centered on focus theory to reflect on the negative scope and negative focus of Chinese negative sentences, the negative scope of negative sentences is C-commanded by VP with adjoined negative operator. Negative head is associated with negative focus. Negative focus is closely related to focus operator. If there is a marked focus operator in a sentence, then the negative head refers to the contrastive focus of the sentence, if there is no marked focus operator, the negative head refers to the convention focus of the sentence. There is no adjacent negation in Chinese negative sentences.