正念冥想训练对前注意的影响——来自ERP的证据
The Effect of Mindfulness Meditation Training on Pre-Attention—Evidence from ERP
DOI: 10.12677/ap.2024.144202, PDF,   
作者: 肖彦翰, 杨奇伟：成都医学院心理学院，四川 成都
关键词: 正念冥想；前注意；N1；vMMN；Mindfulness Meditation； Pre-Attention； N1； vMMN
摘要: 目的：探究为期5个月的正念冥想训练者在非预期视觉刺激下的前注意情况。方法：本研究为2 (组别：冥想组/对照组) × 2 (ERP时间窗140~200 ms/200~260 ms) × 3 (电极电位O1/O2、PO7/PO8、P7/P8)的混合实验设计。根据正念五因素量表(FFMQ)得分，筛选出无正念冥想经验且低正念水平的对照组被试23人，从高校正念冥想活动班中筛选出具有较高正念水平的实验组被试23人，完成跨通道延迟反应任务。结果：在N1波幅上，冥想组被试的N1成分波幅(−1.920.13 μV)显著高于对照组(−2.97 ± 0.24 μV) (F = 13.570, p < 0.05)；在vMMN平均波幅上，冥想组被试的平均波幅(−2.83 ± 0.42 μV)大于对照组(−1.45 ± 0.36 μV) (F = 18.262, p < 0.05)。结论：为期5个月的正念冥想对训练者的前注意加工产生了积极影响，表现为对听觉任务反应时的缩短以及注意资源的分配优化，对非预期视觉刺激分配了更多注意资源。
Abstract: Objective: To explore the pre-attentional processing under unexpected visual stimuli in individuals who have undergone five months of mindfulness meditation training. Methods: This study employed a 2 (group: meditation group/control group) × 2 (ERP time window: 140~200 ms/200~260 ms) × 3 (electrode potentials: O1/O2, PO7/PO8, P7/P8) mixed experimental design. Based on the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) scores, 23 participants with no experience in mindfulness meditation and low mindfulness levels were selected for the control group, and 23 participants with higher mindfulness levels from university mindfulness meditation classes were selected for the experimental group, completing a cross-modal delayed response task. Results: In terms of N1 amplitude, the meditation group showed a significantly higher N1 component amplitude (−1.92 ± 0.13 μV) than the control group (−2.97 ± 0.24 μV) (F = 13.570, p < 0.05); for the average vMMN amplitude, the meditation group’s average amplitude (−2.83 ± 0.42 μV) was greater than that of the control group (−1.45 ± 0.36 μV) (F = 18.262, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Five months of mindfulness meditation training positively influenced the pre-attentional processing of the trainees, manifested by a shortened reaction time to auditory tasks and optimized allocation of attentional resources, allocating more attentional resources to unexpected visual stimuli.
文章引用：肖彦翰, 杨奇伟 (2024). 正念冥想训练对前注意的影响——来自ERP的证据. 心理学进展, 14(4), 134-150. https://doi.org/10.12677/ap.2024.144202

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