支具治疗青少年特发性脊柱侧弯的研究进展

Research Progress in the Treatment of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis with Braces

摘要: 青少年特发性脊柱侧弯(adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, AIS)是指发病年龄为10~17岁的原因不明的结构性脊柱侧弯(18岁及以上则定义为成人)。AIS是一种三维畸形，早期不影响生活，加之不易发现，人们未能引起重视，如果不进行治疗，可能会导致严重的躯干畸形。近年来，随着研究的深入，技术的更新以及现代科学的发展，大家对AIS的诊断与治疗关注度也越来越高。在脊柱侧弯的循证实践中，脊柱侧弯保守治疗的证据比手术治疗的证据更多。支具治疗的有效性是确定的，但不同种类支具针对不同侧弯类型、侧弯角度的患者有不同的治疗效果，为不同类型的患者选择合适的支具是进行支具治疗较为重要的前提。

Abstract: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) refers to structural scoliosis of unknown origin that occurs between the ages of 10 and 17 (defined as adults aged 18 and above). AIS is a three-dimensional deformity that does not affect daily life in the early stages and is difficult to detect, which has not been taken seriously. If left untreated, it may lead to serious trunk deformities. In recent years, with the deepening of research, technological updates, and the development of modern science, people’s attention to the diagnosis and treatment of AIS has also been increasing. In evidence-based practice of scoliosis, there is more evidence for conservative treatment of scoliosis than for surgical treatment. The effectiveness of brace therapy is determined, but different types of braces have different therapeutic effects for patients with different types and angles of lateral curvature. Choosing the appropriate brace for different types of patients is an important prerequisite for brace therapy.