我国新冠防治方针改变对体检人群肿瘤标志物水平的影响

Impact of a Change in China’s COVID-19 Prevention and Control Policy on Tumor Marker Levels in General Health Examination Population

摘要: 目的：探究我国新冠防治方针改变对2022年及2023年体检人群肿瘤标志物(TM)检测水平的影响。方法：以2022年12月我国新冠防治方针出现重大变化为节点，回顾性收集2022年及2023年在杭州师范大学附属医院体检人群中血清肿瘤标志物的相关数据，包括甲胎蛋白(AFP)、癌胚抗原(CEA)、糖类抗原199 (CA199)、糖类抗原125 (CA125)、糖类抗原153 (CA153)、糖类抗原242 (CA242)、细胞角蛋白19可溶性片段(CYFRA21-1)和前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)的检测结果，分年龄段及年份进行统计分析。结果：2022年12月方针改变前后，男性体检人群的CYFRA21-1在18~30岁、60岁以上和PSA在18~30岁、51~60岁年龄段异常检出率有统计学差异(均P < 0.05)，女性体检人群的CYFRA21-1在60岁以上、CA199在31~40岁和CA125在18~30岁年龄段异常检出率均有统计学差异(均P < 0.05)。结论：新冠防治方针改变前后体检人群肿瘤标志物异常检出率存在差异，提示病毒感染可能影响这些肿瘤标志物的水平；为提高临床诊断的准确性，需根据流行病状况深入分析体检结果，并结合临床上的其他检查进行明确诊断，防止过度医疗。

Abstract: Objective: Exploring the impact of changes in China’s COVID-19 prevention and control policy on tumor marker (TM) detection levels in the 2022 and 2023 medical examination populations. Methods: China’s COVID-19 prevention and control policy changed in December 2022, we retrospectively collected data related to serum tumor markers from the population underwent health checkups at the Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University in the years of 2022 and 2023, including alpha fetoprotein (AFP), Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), Carbohydrate antigen 199 (CA199), Carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), Carbohydrate antigen 153 (CA153), Carbohydrate antigen 242 (CA242), Cytokeratin 19 fragment (CYFRA21-1) and prostate-specific antigen (PSA), and they were statistically analyzed by age groups and years. Results: In the male medical examination population, the CYFRA21-1 positive rate in the 18~30 age group and 60 years or older age group, the PSA positive rate in the 18~30 age group and 51~60 age group differed significantly (P < 0.05) before and after the change of policy in 2022. In the female medical examination population, the CYFRA21-1 positive rate in the 60 years or older age group, the CA199 positive rate in the 31~40 age group and the CA125 positive rate in the 18~30 age group differed significantly (P < 0.05) before and after the change of policy in 2022. Conclusion: The abnormal detection rates of tumor markers differed significantly in the medical examination population before and after the change in policy of the COVID-19, which suggested that viral infection may affect the levels of these tumor markers. In order to improve the accuracy of clinical diagnosis and prevent over-treatment, an in-depth analysis of the results based on the epidemiological situation need to be conducted and other tests in the clinic are required for a definitive diagnosis.