高校男子足球运动员反复冲刺能力和专项身体素质的特征分析——以池州学院为例

Analysis of Characteristics of Repeated Sprint Ability and Special Physical Quality of Male Football Players in Colleges and Universities—Taking Chizhou University as an Example

摘要: 本研究旨在探讨高校男子足球运动员反复冲刺能力和专项身体素质的特征，为制定训练计划提供依据。以池州学院为例，采用文献资料法、访谈法、测试法和数理统计法对池州学院男子足球校队的反复冲刺能力(Repeated Sprint Ability, RSA)和专项身体素质(力量、速度、耐力、灵敏和柔韧素质)进行了测试。结果显示，在反复冲刺能力和专项身体素质中，男子足球运动员在RSA_dec、有氧耐力、下肢柔韧性和上肢力量的极值差异较大；在对比不同年级和训练年限间反复冲刺能力和专项身体素质的差异中，仅有坐位体前屈(p = 0.009 < 0.05)在训练年限组间存在显著性差异，且训练年限3年分别和训练年限1年(p = 0.037 < 0.05)与训练年限2年(p = 0.008 < 0.05)存在显著性差异，上下肢力量随训练年限的增加而下降。教练员应在科学制定长期训练计划的同时，关注运动员个体差异，加强训练监控，完善训练体系。

Abstract: The research aims to explore the characteristics of Repeated Sprint Ability (RSA) and special physical quality of male football players in colleges and universities and provide a basis for the development of training plans. Taking Chizhou University as an example, the repeated sprint ability and special physical quality (strength, speed, endurance, agility and flexibility qualities) of the male football school team of Chizhou University were tested by using the literature method, interview method, testing method and mathematical statistics method. The results showed that in repeated sprint ability and special physical quality, there were significant differences in the extremes of RSA_dec, aerobic endurance, lower limb flexibility and upper limb strength among male football players; in comparing the differences in repeated sprint ability and special physical quality between different grades and years of training, only seated forward body flexion (p = 0.009 < 0.05) was significantly different between groups of years of training and there were significant differences between 3 years of training and 1 year of training (p = 0.037 < 0.05) and 2 years of training (p = 0.008 < 0.05) respectively, and upper and lower limb strength decreased with the increase of training years. Coaches should pay attention to individual differences of players while scientifically formulating long-term training plans, enhancing training monitoring and improving the training system.