不同抱负表达水平下感知抱负的性别差异

Gender Differences in Perceived Ambition at Different Levels of Ambition Expression

摘要: 抱负的性别差异被认为是男女职业结果差异的重要原因之一，本研究通过操纵不同水平的抱负表达，在工作情景的领导视角下从感知者、目标性别两个角度探究不同抱负表达水平下感知抱负的性别差异。采用情景模拟实验，被试为在职员工，实验1有效被试116名，实验2有效被试125名。研究结果表明，感知者男性在感知中、高抱负表达时差异显著，女性感知者在感知中、高抱负表达时差异不显著。相对于目标男性，目标女性在高抱负表达下感知抱负被高估。研究证实了在不同抱负表达水平下感知抱负存在性别差异，这种差异在中、高抱负表达条件下显现出来，值得在未来进一步探究女性不同水平抱负引起的人际与职业后果。

Abstract: Gender differences in ambition have been identified as one of the important reasons for differences in career outcomes between men and women. By manipulating different levels of ambition expression, the gender differences of perceived ambition expression at different levels were explored from the perspectives of perceiver and target gender under the leadership perspective of organizational situation. The scenario simulation experiment was used, and the subjects were on-the-job employees, 116 effective subjects in experiment 1 and 125 effective subjects in experiment 2. Male perceivers differed significantly in perceiving medium and high ambition expressions, while female perceivers did not. Relative to the target male, the target female perceived ambition was overestimated under high ambition expression. There are gender differences in perceived ambition under different levels of ambition expression, and such differences appear under medium and high ambition expression conditions. It is worth further exploring the interpersonal and professional consequences caused by different levels of ambition expression of women in the future.