细菌在肿瘤治疗中应用的研究进展

Advances in the Application of Bacteria in Tumor Therapy

摘要: 近年来，肿瘤治疗的手段不断取得新的突破，在传统的手术、化疗、放疗对肿瘤治疗存在各自局限的现状下，突破性地开发出肿瘤免疫疗法，虽然其在血液瘤、多发性骨髓瘤等治疗中取得了成功，但是对实体性肿瘤的治疗仍达不到理想效果，因此亟待新的肿瘤治疗手段的开发。细菌肿瘤疗法早有先例，但是因为其应用的安全性考量以及不能清楚阐明治疗的具体机制而未受到重视，随着生物技术的蓬勃发展，改造细菌能使其满足治疗使用的要求，越来越多关于细菌在肿瘤治疗中的应用报道。本篇综述总结了细菌在肿瘤治疗中的优势、几种常用的细菌以及细菌在肿瘤治疗中的策略，以期为开发新的肿瘤治疗手段提供理论依据和新思路。

Abstract: In recent years, new breakthroughs have been made in the means of tumor treatment. Under the current situation that traditional surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy have their own limitations in the treatment of tumor, tumor immunotherapy has been breakthrough developed. Although it has achieved success in the treatment of hematoma and multiple myeloma, the treatment of solid tumor still fails to achieve the ideal effect. Therefore, it is urgent to develop new tumor treatment methods. Bacterial tumor therapy has a precedent for a long time, but it has not been paid attention to because of the safety considerations of its application and the failure to clearly clarify the specific mechanism of treatment. With the vigorous development of biotechnology, bacteria can be modified to meet the requirements of therapeutic use, and more and more reports on the application of bacteria in tumor therapy are reported. The article summarizes the advantages of bacteria in tumor therapy, several commonly used bacteria and the strategies of bacteria in tumor therapy, in order to provide theoretical basis and new ideas for the development of new tumor therapy.