辞格认同在中国典籍中的应用——以《韩非子》中层递为例

The Application of Figure Identification in Chinese Classics—Climax in Han Feizi

摘要: 肯尼思·伯克修辞学中认同理论的应用受到学者关注，伯克认为认同分为形式认同和内容认同，其中内容认同又是基于形式认同，因此，形式认同的重要性不言而喻。本文将应用形式认同下的辞格认同分析中国典籍《韩非子》如何实现与受众的认同，具体而言，将以其中的层递格为例阐述其作用。以层递为例的分析表明，《韩非子》中的修辞者通过形式认同可最终实现与古代以及现代受众的内容认同；另外，本文也展示了运用伯克认同理论跨时空分析中国典籍的可能性。

Abstract: The application of the theory of identification in Kenneth Burke’s A Rhetoric of Motives (1969) has been concerned by scholars. Burke believes that identification is divided into formal identification and content identification, among which the latter is based on the former. Thus, the importance of formal identification is self-evident. The formal identification in the Chinese classic Han Feizi is mainly embodied in its figure identification. In this paper, we will analyze how the Chinese classic Han Feizi achieves its identification with the audience by using the figure identification. To be specific, the climax in Han Feizi will be analyzed. The analysis shows that the rhetorician in Han Feizi can finally realize the content identification with both ancient and modern audiences through the formal identification. In addition, this paper also shows the possibility of using Burke's identification theory to analyze Chinese classics across time and space.