“给我 VP”结构的多义性及其动态机制

The Polysemy and Dynamic Mechanism of the “给我 VP” Structure

摘要: 祈使句中的“给我 VP”结构具有多义性，该结构由于“给”和“我”的特殊性，内部隐含使役义和主观性，根据使役双方力量的强弱把“给我 VP”分为三种意义类型：服务义、允让义和命令义。不同的类型，其句法和语义条件都各有特色。从动态机制上来看，“给我 VP”这种结构上的多义性与跷跷板效应密切相关。当条件模糊时，跷跷板处于相对平衡的状态，两种语义同时浮现，出现歧义的理解。追溯到汉语特点的本质，这一现象是汉语形态不丰富造成的。

Abstract: The structure of “给我 VP” in imperative sentences has polysemy. Due to the special nature of “give” and “I”, this structure implies causative and subjective meanings internally. According to the strength of the forces of both parties, “给我 VP” can be divided into three types of meanings: service meaning, concession meaning, and command meaning. Different types have their own unique syntactic and semantic conditions. From a dynamic mechanism perspective, the polysemy of “给我 VP” structure is closely related to the seesaw effect. When the conditions are fuzzy, the seesaw is in a relatively balanced state, and two types of semantics emerge simultaneously, leading to ambiguous understanding. Tracing back to the essence of the characteristics of Chinese language, this phenomenon is caused by the lack of rich forms in Chinese language.