摘要: 本文以青东煤矿砂岩含水层23组样品为研究对象，运用Piper三线图、离子浓度直方图、主成分分析、相关性分析等方法，对该含水层的水化学特征、水岩相互作用以及离子来源等水文地球化学特征进行研究。结果表明：常规离子含量排序为：
> Na
K
>
> Cl
− > Ca
2 >
> Mg
2 ，阴阳离子的优势离子分别是
和Na
K
；主成分表明主成分1中Ca
2 和Cl
−均有较强的正相关，Cl
−含量与岩盐矿物溶解有关，Ca
2 的含量较高说明阳离子交替吸附作用较为明显，主成分2中Ca
2 、Mg
2 荷载值较高，其次为
，说明其水化学作用主要为硫酸盐岩矿物溶解，主成分3中K
Na
、
有强正相关，与Cl
−有中相关，代表了硫酸岩矿物、岩盐等矿物的溶解；相关性分析表明，砂岩含水层中
对pH起主要影响作用，K
Na
和
、Ca
2 和Mg
2 之间的正相关性较强，主要源于硅酸盐矿物的风化和硫酸盐岩矿物的溶解，K
Na
和Cl
−呈中等正相关，说明这些元素可能来自于岩盐。
Abstract:
In this study, 23 sets of samples of sandstone aquifer in Qingdong Coal Mine were taken as the research object, and the hydro geochemical features such as hydrochemical features, water-rock interaction and ion source were studied by using Piper three-line diagram, ion content histogram, principal component analysis and correlation analysis. The results showed that the orders of ion contents were
> Na
K
>
> Cl
− > Ca
2 >
> Mg
2 , respectively, the dominant ions of anions and cations were
and Na
K
. The principal component indicated that Ca
2 and Cl
− had a strong positive correlation in principal component 1, and the content of Cl
− was related to the dissolution of rock salt minerals. The high content of Ca
2 suggested that the cation exchange was more obvious. The load values of Ca
2 and Mg
2 in principal component 2 were higher,
was lower than them, this indicated that the hydrochemistry action was mainly the dissolution of sulfate rock minerals. K
Na
and
in principal component 3 had a strong positive correlation and were moderately correlated with Cl
−, it represented that the dissolution of sulfate rock minerals, rock salts and other minerals. The correlation analysis implied that
played a major role in the pH of sandstone aquifer. There was a strong positive correlation between K
Na
and
, also between Ca
2 and Mg
2 , which were mainly due to the weathering of silicate minerals and the dissolution of sulfate rock minerals. K
Na
and Cl
− showed a moderate positive correlation, indicating that these elements may come from the rock salt.