主动遗忘社会反馈记忆的行为研究

Intentional Forgetting of Social Feedback Memories: A Behavioral Study

摘要: 本研究通过Think/No-think范式以探讨我们能否对社会性信息——社会反馈记忆施加抑制，产生遗忘。同时，因为社会反馈会诱发社会情感学习，所以收集了照片的好感度变化，以探究记忆抑制能否对社会情感学习产生影响。研究中首先使用社会判断范式为创建一个真实的社会反馈环境，而后使用Think/No-think范式对积极和消极反馈记忆施加抑制，要求被试回忆或遗忘反馈记忆。最后，结果表明积极社会反馈遗忘组回忆率显著低于基线组，表明积极社会反馈能够被抑制和遗忘。而这一结果未能在消极社会反馈中发现，说明消极社会反馈记忆更难被控制。社会情感学习的结果同样表明积极社会情感能够伴随记忆指令进行变化，但尚未能区分抑制与自然衰退对积极社会情感变化的贡献。而消极社会情感同样不受指令的影响。本研究的结果拓展了记忆抑制的影响范围，同时表明还需寻找更为有效的方式对消极社会信息进行记忆控制。

Abstract: This study employs the Think/No-think paradigm to explore whether we can inhibit social feedback memories, leading to forgetting. Additionally, since social feedback often triggers social emotional learning, our likability towards the feedback providers changes accordingly. Therefore, this study also collects changes in the likability of photographs to investigate whether memory inhibition can influence social emotional learning. Initially, a social judgment paradigm is used to establish a genuine social feedback environment, where participants are informed that their provided photographs will be evaluated by peers. Subsequently, the Think/No-think paradigm is employed to inhibit memories of positive and negative feedback, prompting participants to recall or forget feedback memories. The results indicate that for positive social feedback, the recall rate in the forget group is significantly lower than that in the baseline group, suggesting that positive social feedback can be inhibited and forgotten. However, this effect is not observed in negative social feedback, indicating that memories of negative social feedback are more difficult to control. The results of social emotional learning similarly indicate that positive social emotions can change alongside memory instructions. The positive social feedback ratings of the inhibition group and the baseline group significantly decreased from pre-test to post-test, yet the contributions of inhibition versus natural decay to changes in positive social emotions remain undistinguished. Negative social emotions, like memories of negative social feedback, are unaffected by instructions. These findings extend the scope of the effects of memory inhibition while also indicating the need to find more effective ways to control memories of negative social information.