丘脑性失语研究进展

Research Progress of Thalamic Aphasia

摘要: 失语症(Aphasia)是指在神志清楚、意识正常、发音和构音没有障碍的情况下，由于神经中枢损伤、大脑皮质语言功能区病变，导致的言语交流能力障碍，包括语言表达或理解障碍。通常可根据病变位置分为外侧裂周围失语综合征、经皮质性失语综合征、皮质下失语综合征几个大类。丘脑性失语(Thalamic Aphasia)是皮质下失语的一种，是丘脑病变所致的失语，多表现为自发言语减少，声调下降，音量减低，找词困难，伴有错语，执行多步骤或复杂指令有困难，命名障碍明显，但大多语言清晰、言语流畅、复述、理解能力相对保留。

Abstract: Aphasia refers to the impairment of speech communication ability, including language expression or comprehension, caused by damage to the central nervous system and lesions in the language functional area of the cerebral cortex, when the mind is clear, consciousness is normal, and there are no obstacles to pronunciation and articulation. Usually, it can be divided into several categories based on the location of the lesion, including peripheral aphasia syndrome, transcortical aphasia syndrome, and subcortical aphasia syndrome. Thalamic aphasia is a type of subcortical aphasia caused by thalamic lesions. It is often characterized by reduced spontaneous speech, decreased tone, decreased volume, difficulty in finding words, accompanied by miscommunication, difficulty in executing multistep or complex instructions, significant naming disorders, but mostly clear language, fluent speech, retention of retelling and comprehension abilities.