自是与退让：“自然”观念下的两重技术实践

Self-Sufficiency and Concession: The Dual Technical Practice under the Concept of “Nature”

摘要: “自然”是道家理论中一个非常特殊的词语，它反映了道家视域下万物之间的关联。《老子》文本中“自然”为“自是”之义，万物“自是”而成为相对独立的个体。《庄子》发展了《老子》对“自然”的看法，在“自是”的基础上加入了“真知”，于是物之“自是”即是为他者“退让”出“是”的可能。自然的两重性落实在人上即是技术思维，“自是”提供了万物之“真”，“退让”赋予物物之间独特的联系。

Abstract: “Nature” is a very special word in the Taoist theory, which reflects the correlation between all things in the Taoist view. In the text of Lao Zi, “nature” is the meaning of “self-sufficiency”, and all things “self-sufficiency” become a relatively independent individual, and thus determines the practical method of anti-technology. Zhuangzi developed Laozi’s view of “nature” and added “true knowledge” on the basis of “self-righteousness”, so the “self-righteousness” of things is the possibility of “concession” yes “for others” “self-sufficiency” make world truth. “Concession” gives relationships between things.