高血压中医病因病机及证型证素的研究概况

An Overview of the Research on the Etiology, Pathogenesis and Syndrome Type of Hypertension in Traditional Chinese Medicine

摘要: 高血压是临床最为常见的心血管疾病之一，亦是导致多种心脑血管疾病的重要病因及危险因素。现代医家将高血压病归属于中医“眩晕”“头痛”等范畴，其病位在脑，主要涉及肝、肾、脾、心四脏，其主要中医病因为七情所伤、饮食失节、劳逸失调、内伤虚损等。高血压病的中医证型以痰瘀互结证最多见，高血压病中医证素中病位证素以肝、心多见，病性证素中血瘀、痰浊排首位，高血压中医证型分布特点由于缺乏统一的诊断标准具有较强主观性，证素研究较证型研究更具有客观性。本文旨在通过对高血压病患者的中医病因及证型证素的影响因素进行分析，以期为高血压病的预防和治疗提供相关临床依据。

Abstract: Hypertension is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases in clinical practice, and it is also an important cause and risk factor for a variety of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Modern doctors classify hypertension as “vertigo” and “headache” in traditional Chinese medicine, and its disease is located in the brain, mainly involving the liver, kidney, spleen, and heart. The TCM syndrome types of hypertension are most common in phlegm and stasis, the liver and heart are more common in the TCM pattern elements of hypertension, and the blood stasis and phlegm turbidity are the first among the pathological syndrome elements. The purpose of this article is to analyze the etiology of TCM and the influencing factors of syndrome types in patients with hypertension, in order to provide relevant clinical evidence for the prevention and treatment of hypertension.