蒙古国中央省土地利用现状评价研究

Study on the Evaluation of the Land Use Current Situation in the Tuv Province of Mongolia

摘要: 本文以蒙古国中央省为研究区域，利用2021年土地利用数据，基于土地利用多样化指数、土地利用集中化指数、土地区位指数及土地利用程度等计量地理模型评价其土地利用现状，结果表明：1) 蒙古国中央省土地利用多样化指数较低，土地利用类型单一，高多样化区主要分布于东北部、西北部少部分林草地分布区域，西北部为中多样化区，南部地区草地广泛分布，为低多样化区；2) 中央省土地利用集中化程度较高，各苏木集中化差异性较为明显，空间上呈现出南部高于北部的特点；3) 中央省下辖苏木土地利用类型中耕地和草地区位意义相对较突出，其中耕地区位意义较突出的苏木主要分布在首都乌兰巴托周边和全省地势较低的西和西北部，由于草地是全省主导用地类型且面积最大，草地区位意义较显著的苏木数量最多；4) 中央省土地利用程度不高，土地利用程度综合指数为201.53，下辖各苏木间的差异不明显，空间分布上西北部土地利用程度高于南部和东北部。

Abstract: In this study, we conducted a current land use situation analysis of the Tuv Province of Mongolia, using land use data of 2021. This paper uses econometric geographic models such as Land Use Type Diversification (GM) Index, Land Use Centralization Index, Location Index of Land Use Status, Index of Land Use Degree to evaluate the land use current situation, and the results of the study: 1) The Tuv Province of Mongolia has a low land-use diversification index and a single land-use type, with high diversification areas mainly in the north-east, a few forested and grassland areas in the north-west, medium diversification areas in the north-west, and grassland widely distributed in the southern region, which is a low diversification area; 2) The Tuv province of land use centralization is higher, the centralization of the differentiation of the counties is more obvious, spatially showing the south is higher than the north of the features; 3) The Tuv province of land use location index of cropland and grassland is higher, the counties with the higher cropland location index are mainly distributed around the capital city of Ulaanbaatar and in the western and north-western parts of the province. Due to grassland being the dominant land type and having the largest area in the province, the number of counties with high grassland location index is the highest; 4) The synthetic index of land use degree is 201.53, the difference between the subordinate counties is not obvious, and the spatial distribution of land use degree in the northwest is higher than that in the south and northeast.