西部农村中小学生心理健康现状及影响因素的调查研究

A Survey and Research on the Psychological Health Status and Influencing Factors of Primary and Secondary School Students in Western Rural Areas

摘要: 使用心理健康诊断测验表(MHT)、同伴关系量表、父母社会支持量表、感知教师支持问卷对西部农村14,786名小学四年级以上的中小学生的心理健康现状及影响因素进行调查。结果发现，西部农村中小学生心理健康问题检出率较高，表现为随年级的增加心理健康问题检出率增高的特点，其中女生的心理健康状况比男生要差，留守学生的心理健康状况比非留守学生差。同伴关系、父母社会支持、感知教师支持均对中小学生的心理健康有重要影响，同伴关系好、感知父母社会支持高、感知教师支持高的学生心理问题检出率较低，心理健康较好。

Abstract: A survey was conducted on the mental health status and influencing factors of 14,786 primary and secondary school students in rural areas of western China, including those in fourth grade and above, using the Diagnostic Mental Health Test (MHT), Peer Relationship Scale, Parental Social Support Scale, and Perceived Teacher Support Questionnaire. The results showed that the detection rate of mental health problems among primary and secondary school students in western rural areas was relatively high, manifested as an increase in the detection rate of mental health problems with the increase of grades. Among them, the mental health status of female students was worse than that of male students, and the mental health status of left behind students was worse than that of no left behind students. Peer relationships, parental social support, and perceived teacher support all have a significant impact on the mental health of primary and secondary school students. Students with good peer relationships, high perceived parental social support, and high perceived teacher support have lower detection rates of psychological problems and better mental health.