某三级康复专科医院医务人员睡眠质量及影响因素

Sleeping Quality of Medical Staff in a Tertiary Rehabilitation Hospital and Associated Influence Factors

摘要: 背景：康复专科医院的服务对象主要是老年人、残疾人和慢性病人，对康复专科医院医务人员医疗服务质量有较高的要求。睡眠质量作为影响医疗质量的因素，在已有研究中缺乏对康复专科医务人员睡眠质量的研究。目的：研究某三级康复专科医院医务人员的睡眠质量和影响因素，有针对性的提出康复专科医院医务人员健康管理意见，提高医务人员睡眠质量，从而更好的服务康复患者。方法：采用自制调查问卷获取医务人员的一般资料和工作方式、生活方式、焦虑抑郁情绪，使用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)评估医务人员的焦虑、抑郁状况，使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)评估医务人员的睡眠质量，采用单因素分析和Logistic回归探讨医务人员睡眠质量的影响因素。结果：共回收321份有效问卷(99.68%)，PQSI总得分的统计值为(7.44 ± 3.57)，显著高于国内一般人群，但低于国内三甲综合医院医务人员(P < 0.001)。共184人(57.3%)患有睡眠障碍，主要表现在睡眠障碍者与非睡眠障碍者在PQSI的各维度得分均有显著差异；Logistics回归结果显示，不经常参加锻炼(OR = 1.655, 95%CI: 1.105~2.837)、工作方式为夜班(OR = 2.05, 95%CI: 1.173~3.617)、焦虑情绪(OR = 1.16, 95%CI: 1.098~1.225)是医务人员睡眠状况的独立影响因素。结论：康复医院应关注医务人员睡眠状况，可通过组织职工文体活动、合理制定人员倒班制度、定期开展心理疏导等途径来改善医务人员的睡眠质量，进而提升医疗服务的质量。

Abstract: Background: The service targets of rehabilitation hospitals are mainly the elderly, disabled people and chronic patients, and they have high requirements for the quality of medical services provided by the medical staff of rehabilitation hospitals. Sleep quality is a factor that affects medical quality. There is a lack of research on the sleep quality of rehabilitation medical staff in existing studies. Objective: To investigate the sleeping’ quality of employees in a tertiary rehabilitation hospital and explore its influencing factors. Methods: A self-made questionnaire was used to obtain the general information, working style, lifestyle, and anxiety and depression of medical staff, the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and the Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) were used to evaluate the sleep quality and depression scores of medical staff, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to evaluate the sleeping quality of medical staff, and use single factor analysis and multi-factor regression to linearly explore the influencing factors of medical staff’s sleep status. Results: There were 321 valid questionnaires (99.68%), and the average PQSI score was 7.44 ± 3.57, which was significantly higher than the general domestic population, but lower than the medical staff of domestic tertiary general hospitals (P < 0.001); a total of 184 people (57.3%) suffered from sleep disorders, sleep disorders and non-sleep disorders often result in significant differences in the scores of each dimension of the PQSI; Logistics Regression results show that those who do not participate in exercise (OR = 1.655, 95%CI: 1.105~2.837) and work night shifts (OR = 2.05, 95%CI: 1.173~3.617) and anxiety (OR = 1.16, 95%CI: 1.098~1.225) are independent influencing factors of medical staff’s sleep status. Conclusion: Rehabilitation hospitals should pay attention to the sleep status of medical staff. They can improve the sleep quality of employees and further improve the quality of hospital medical services by organizing cultural and sports activities for employees, reasonably formulating staff shift systems, and conducting regular psychological counseling.