存在–人本主义应用于高校《心理危机干预》课程改革的模式初探

Exploring the Application of Existential-Humanism in the Reform of Psychological Crisis Intervention Courses in Higher Education: A Preliminary Investigation

摘要: 存在–人本主义是一种哲学方法取向，强调个人经验、自由和理解人类存在的责任，广泛应用于心理治疗领域。心理危机干预作为一种旨在预防、响应并有效管理紧急情况的专业实践，既是心理专业学生的技能之一，又对提升学生本人应对突发事件的能力具有重要意义。然而传统的《心理危机干预》课程理论较为分散，与技术的整合性不足；侧重于技能训练，一定程度上忽视了学生个体的内在需求和心理发展。本研究提出新的“以存在–人本主义心理学理论为核心的《心理危机干预》课程”体系，力求将其逐步打造成一门具有人本精神和人文关怀、着眼于解决现实问题、致力于提升心理韧性和积极心理品质，具有动态更新机制的活力课程。率先在师范类院校中探索建立有特色的《心理危机干预》课程体系，探索建立心理危机干预“五四三二”教学体系模式，培养兼具实际心理危机干预工作能力和积极心理品质的学生。

Abstract: Existential-humanism is a philosophical orientation that emphasizes individual experience, freedom, and the responsibility of understanding human existence, widely applied in the field of psychotherapy. Psychological crisis intervention, as a professional practice aimed at preventing, responding to, and effectively managing emergencies, is not only one of the skills required for psychology students but also holds significant importance in enhancing students’ ability to cope with sudden events. However, traditional courses on “Psychological Crisis Intervention” often lack integration between theory and techniques, focusing predominantly on skill training while to some extent neglecting students’ individual intrinsic needs and psychological development. This study proposes a new framework for the course titled “Psychological Crisis Intervention with Existential-Humanistic Psychology Theory as the Core”, aiming to gradually develop it into a vibrant curriculum characterized by humanistic spirit and human care, focusing on addressing real-world problems, and dedicated to enhancing psychological resilience and positive psychological qualities, with a mechanism for dynamic updates. Pioneering the establishment of a distinctive curriculum system for “Psychological Crisis Intervention” in normal universities, this study explores the development of a teaching model known as the “5432 Psychological Crisis Intervention Teaching System,” aimed at nurturing students who possess both practical skills in crisis intervention and positive psychological qualities.