情绪面孔搜索不对称性的争议：来自干扰背景同质性的影响
The Controversy of Emotional Facial Search Asymmetry: Insights from the Impact of Distractor Background Homogeneity
DOI: 10.12677/ap.2024.145285, PDF,   
作者: 姜晓凡：西南大学心理学部，重庆；赵艳玲：浙江大学医学院附属第二医院，浙江 杭州
关键词: 面孔搜索不对称；背景同质性；目标引导；干扰物拒绝；Facial Search Asymmetry； Background Homogeneity； Target Guidance； Distractor Rejection
摘要: 迄今为止，研究者们在情绪面孔搜索不对称领域进行了大量的实验探讨，得出的结论也不尽相同，主要有愤怒优势效应和快乐优势效应。鉴于此，有研究者总结出了情绪搜索不对称性相关实验的五点注意事项，其中包括：应采用异质的干扰背景。于是，便有研究中同时采用了同质和异质干扰背景而分别得到了愤怒优势效应与快乐优势效应，这种现象背后的机制值得进行深入探讨。本文认为可以从“目标引导能力”和“干扰物拒绝效率”两个角度进行研究。因为搜索效率不仅是由目标提供的引导能力决定的，而且还可能由对干扰物的选择性处理时间长短决定。此外，由于眼动技术是研究搜索任务实验的重要手段，因此本文还介绍了四种眼动指标：刺激跳过率、首次注视点潜伏期、首轮注视时长和刺激回视率。通过追踪被试的眼动轨迹可以更加直观地考察搜索过程，并以此来探究目标引导作用和干扰物拒绝效率在同质及异质的干扰背景中对搜索效率的影响，这有利于增进对情绪面孔搜索不对称性的理解。
Abstract: Researchers have conducted numerous experiments in the field of emotion facial search asymmetry, yielding various conclusions, mainly the anger superiority effect and the happiness superiority effect. In light of this, researchers summarized five considerations for experiments related to emotion search asymmetry, including the use of heterogeneous interference backgrounds. Subsequently, some employed both homogeneous and heterogeneous interference backgrounds in a study, obtaining the anger superiority effect and the happiness superiority effect respectively, prompting a deeper exploration into the mechanisms behind this phenomenon. This paper suggests investigating from the perspectives of “target guidance ability” and “interference rejection efficiency”. Because search efficiency is not only determined by the guidance ability provided by the target but also possibly by the duration of selective processing of interference. Additionally, since eye tracking technology is an important means for studying search task experiments, this paper also introduces four eye movement indicators: stimulus skip rate, first fixation latency, first-pass gaze duration, and stimulus revisit rate. Tracking participants’ eye movement trajectories can provide a more intuitive examination of the search process, thus exploring the effects of target guidance and interference rejection efficiency on search efficiency in homogeneous and heterogeneous interference backgrounds, thereby enhancing our understanding of emotion facial search asymmetry.
文章引用：姜晓凡, 赵艳玲 (2024). 情绪面孔搜索不对称性的争议：来自干扰背景同质性的影响. 心理学进展, 14(5), 55-62. https://doi.org/10.12677/ap.2024.145285

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