发达国家出口管制的现状及我国的对策

The Current Situation of Export Control in Developed Countries and the Countermeasures of China

摘要: 经济全球化是当今世界的主流，各国之间的贸易交流变得紧密频繁，相互依赖性也逐渐增强。然而近年来发达国家加强了出口审查和管制的力度，给管制对象国特别是发展中国家带来了沉重打击，严重影响了自由贸易。探析并总结发达国家出口管制现状，有利于帮助我国找到应对发达国家出口管制的对策。本文研究总结了发达国家在出口管制产品范围、管制力度、实施程序、管制效率这四个方面的现状。此外，根据管制现状进一步提出以下对策：我国可以在已加入的国际出口管制组织和国际公约基础上，在国内强调树立合法合规意识，加强合规交易审查，避免出现贸易冲突；在国际上积极邀请其他国家高层领导人访华，增加国家之间的交流合作，促使发达国家放宽对我国的出口管制力度，有效应对出口管制。

Abstract: Economic globalization is the mainstream of today’s world, the trade exchanges between countries have become closer and more frequent, and interdependence is gradually increasing. However, in recent years, developed countries have strengthened their export review and control, which has dealt a heavy blow to the target countries, especially developing countries, and seriously affected free trade. Exploring and summarizing the current situation of export control of developed countries is helpful to help China find countermeasures to the export control of developed countries. This paper summarizes the current situation of developed countries in export control product scope, control intensity, implementation procedures and control efficiency. In addition, according to the control status quo, the following countermeasures are further proposed: on the basis of acceding to international export control organizations and international conventions, at home, we could establish a sense of legality and compliance, strengthen the review of compliance transactions, and avoid trade conflicts; at the international level, we could actively invite senior leaders of other countries to visit China, increase exchanges and cooperation between countries, urge developed countries to relax their export control in China, and effectively deal with export control.