货物采购竞标交易模式研究

Study on the Competitive Bidding Transaction Model for the Procurement of Goods

摘要: 货物采购涉及供货人、承运商和采购人等交易主体，货物到岸价涉及货物原产地售价与物流费用两项，货源及运输路径的决策是降低综合采购成本的关键，是一个包含多源异质数据为一体的复杂网络决策问题，传统采购是由各交易主体通过询价、比价分别做出采购决策的模式，面临信息不对称和高昂的信息搜寻等交易成本，使得构建高效的货物采购综合决策机制成为挑战。本文以多源异构数据融合为支撑，针对运输网络下货物采购交易结构，通过设计多方竞价交易机制、分配规则，使说真话成为各方交易人的弱占优策略以此降低交易者的信息搜集成本、人工成本和差旅成本等交易成本，本文提出的交易机制能够及时反映市场各类交易信息，快速达成交易匹配从而实现市场资源的合理配置。

Abstract: The procurement of goods involves suppliers, carriers and purchasers, etc. CIF involves the selling price of goods at the place of origin and logistics cost. The decision of the source of goods and transportation path is the key to reducing the comprehensive procurement cost, and it is a complex network decision problem that includes multi-source heterogeneous data. Traditional procurement is a mode in which each transaction subject makes purchasing decisions respectively through inquiry and price comparison. Faced with transaction costs such as information asymmetry and high information search, it becomes a challenge to build an efficient comprehensive decision-making mechanism for goods procurement. In this paper, supported by multi-source heterogeneous data fusion, aiming at the transaction structure of goods procurement under the transport network, the multi-party bidding trading mechanism and distribution rules are designed to make truth-telling become the dominant strategy of traders of all parties to reduce the transaction costs of traders such as information collection costs, labor costs, and travel costs. The trading mechanism proposed in this paper can reflect all kinds of trading information in the market promptly, and can also help to quickly reach a deal matching and thus realize the rational allocation of market resources.