机能实验学培养方案及课程考核办法的改革与思考

Reform and Reflection on the Training Program and Course Assessment Methods for Functional Experimental Science

摘要: 为加强医学生综合能力的培养，湖北医药学院基础医学院机能实验室将《机能实验学》教学培养方案做了相应修订，将学生综合能力的培养分为“线上资源”、“基本技能培养”、“综合性实验”和“自主设计性实验”四个部分，将课程考核方式修订为“过程性考核 操作考试”。经过在2018级临床医学中试运行，以调查问卷的方式对1689人次进行调查，结果显示81.4%的学生认为“线上资源”可提高实验成功率，并对实验教学有促进作用；认为“基本技能训练”有利于提高实验动手能力的占96.8%；“综合性实验”可以提高观察问题和分析问题能力，使知识更系统化、条理化，可全程观察机体“正常–异常–治疗”等实验各个环节的占94.79%；认为通过“过程性考核”，对操作技能、实验现象的观察和解决问题的能力培养有利的占98.87%；该教学模式“很合理”和“合理”的分别达49.73%和39.19%；“自主设计性实验”的开设提高大学生创新能力，省校级大学生创新创业项目数量也较往年明显增多。这一研究成果和经验为本校后期全面开展实验教学改革和线上线下课程建设及虚拟仿真实验室建设夯实了坚实基础。

Abstract: To strengthen the cultivation of comprehensive abilities of medical students, the Functional Laboratory of the Basic Medical School at Hubei University of Medicine has revised the teaching and training program for Functional Experimental Science. The program divides the cultivation of students’ comprehensive abilities into four parts: “online resources”, “basic skill training”, “comprehensive experiments”, and “self-designed experiments”. The assessment method for the course has also been revised to include “process-based assessment operational exam”. After a pilot implementation among the 2018 clinical medicine students, a survey was conducted among 1689 participants in the form of questionnaires. The results showed that 81.4% of students believed that “online resources” could improve the success rate of experiments and promote experimental teaching; 96.8% believed that “basic skill training” was conducive to enhancing hands-on experimental abilities; 94.79% believed that “comprehensive experiments” could improve the ability to observe and analyze problems, making knowledge more systematic and organized, and allowing for a full observation of all experimental stages such as “normal-abnormal-treatment”; 98.87% believed that “process-based assessment” was beneficial for developing operational skills, observation of experimental phenomena, and problem-solving abilities; 49.73% and 39.19% respectively considered the teaching model to be “very reasonable” and “reasonable”; and the introduction of “self-designed experiments” enhanced college students’ innovative abilities, leading to a significant increase in the number of provincial and university-level innovation and entrepreneurship projects compared to previous years. This research achievement and experience have laid a solid foundation for the university’s comprehensive experimental teaching reform, online and offline course construction, and virtual simulation laboratory construction in the future.