铜仁市一次低温雨雪天气过程分析

Analysis of a Low-Temperature Snow and Rain Weather Process in Tongren City

摘要: 选取Micaps、地面观测等气象资料，对2022年2月上旬铜仁市一次低温雨雪天气过程进行分析。结果表明，本次降雪天气过程主要受南支浅槽、低层700 hPa西南急流、地面静止锋影响，导致铜仁市出现大范围降雪天气，市东部出现大雪天气。此次降雪过程湿层深厚，从地面伸展到500 hPa附近，利于形成大量的冰晶雪花，尽管800 hPa附近存在浅薄的暖层但不易融化，依然利于出现降雪。数值预报偏差检验可知，EC预报温度场与实况相当，但地面冷空气略偏强，冷垫抬升偏强，此外西南急流比实况略小，利于水汽辐合，与EC预报降雪量偏大相一致。

Abstract: Based on meteorological data such as Micaps and ground observations, an analysis was conducted on a low-temperature snow and rain weather process in Tongren City in early February 2022. The results show that this snowfall weather process was mainly affected by the shallow trough of the southern branch, the low-level 700 hPa southwest jet, and the ground stationary front, resulting in widespread snowfall in Tongren City, with heavy snow in the eastern part of the city. The wet layer of this snowfall process was deep, extending from the ground to near 500 hPa, which was conducive to the formation of a large number of ice crystal snowflakes. Although there was a shallow warm layer near 800 hPa, it was not easy to melt, and it was still conducive to snowfall. The deviation inspection of numerical forecasts shows that the temperature field predicted by EC is similar to the actual situation, but the ground cold air is slightly stronger, and the cold pad lifting is slightly stronger. In addition, the southwest jet is slightly smaller than the actual situation, which is conducive to water vapor convergence, which is consistent with the fact that the EC forecast snowfall is slightly larger.