血清β2微球蛋白水平与脑白质高信号的相关性研究

Correlation between Serum β2-Microglobulin Levels and White Matter Hyperintensity

摘要: 目的：研究脑小血管病患者脑白质高信号(white matter hyperintensity, WMH)与血清β2微球蛋白(beta 2-microglobulin, β2M)水平的相关性，探讨β2微球蛋白对WMH病情预测和临床诊疗的价值。方法：收集2023年5月至2024年1月就诊于我院的150例脑小血管病患者实验室及影像学资料，根据影像学检查结果分为无WMH (51例)和有WMH (99例)两组。结果：两组患者血清β2M水平差异有统计学意义(Z = −4.969, P < 0.001)，二元多因素Logistic回归分析，血清β2M是WMH存在的独立危险因素(OR = 2.859, 95%CI: 1.304~6.267, P = 0.009)。Spearman相关分析显示，血清β2M水平与有无WMH (r = 0.407, P < 0.001)呈正相关。绘制ROC曲线明确β2M对WMH的预测价值得出，AUC为0.748，最大约登指数0.429，最佳临界值为2.335 mg/L (敏感度0.566，特异度0.863)。结论：血清β2M水平是WMH的独立危险因素。

Abstract: Objective: To study the correlation between white matter hyperintensity and serum β2-microglobulin levels in patients with cerebral small vessel disease, and to explore the value of β2-microglobulin in the prediction and clinical diagnosis and treatment of WMH. Methods: The laboratory and imaging data of 150 patients with cerebral small vessel disease who visited our hospital from May 2023 to January 2024 were collected, and they were divided into two groups: without WMH (51 cases) and with WMH (99 cases) according to the imaging examination results. Results: There was a statistically significant difference in serum β2M levels between the two groups (Z = −4.969, P < 0.001), and binary multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that serum β2M was an independent risk factor for WMH (OR = 2.859, 95%CI: 1.304~6.267, P = 0.009). Spearman correlation analysis showed that serum β2M levels were positively correlated with the presence or absence of WMH (r = 0.407, P < 0.001). The predictive value of β2M on WMH was determined by plotting the ROC curve, and the AUC was 0.748, the maximum approximate index was 0.429, and the optimal cut-off value was 2.335 mg/L (sensitivity 0.566, specificity 0.863). Conclusion: Serum β2M level is an independent risk factor for WMH.