老年脊柱骨水泥患者术后早期最佳功能锻炼时机探索研究

Exploration Study on the Optimal Timing for Early Postoperative Functional Exercise in Elderly Patients with Spinal Cement

摘要: 目的：评估不同功能锻炼时机对脊柱骨水泥患者术后的临床影响。方法：本研究采用便利抽样法，根据105例脊柱骨水泥手术患者入院的时间顺序，按同等比例入组，分别为A、B、C三组。A组、B组和C组分别术后4小时、6小时、24小时开始功能锻炼和使用腰部辅助装置，并比较三组的疼痛评分、改良版Oswestry功能障碍指数、术后并发症发生率、术后住院时间和患者满意度等指标。结果：三组患者的术后疼痛评分、功能障碍指数评分组间比较，差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。三组患者术后均无并发症发生，差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)。术后住院时间以及患者满意度A组和B组比较，差异无统计学意义(P > 0.05)；A、B两组患者术后住院时间均短于C组，差异有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。结论：脊柱骨水泥术后早期功能锻炼(术后4或6小时开始)不仅能够显著缩短住院时间，提高患者满意度，且对于促进患者的快速康复具有重要意义，是一种安全且有效的康复方法。

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the clinical impact of different timings of functional exercise on patients after spinal cement surgery. Methods: This study used a convenience sampling method. Based on the admission sequence of 105 patients who underwent spinal cement surgery, they were equally divided into three groups: A, B, and C. Groups A, B, and C started functional exercises and used lumbar support devices 4 hours, 6 hours, and 24 hours after surgery, respectively. The pain scores, modified Oswestry Disability Index, postoperative complication rates, postoperative hospital stay, and patient satisfaction were compared among the three groups. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in postoperative pain scores and disability index scores among the three groups (P > 0.05). There were no postoperative complications in any of the groups, with no significant difference (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in postoperative hospital stay and patient satisfaction between groups A and B (P > 0.05); however, the postoperative hospital stays for groups A and B were significantly shorter than that for group C (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Early postoperative functional exercise (starting 4 or 6 hours after surgery) can not only significantly reduce hospital stay and improve patient satisfaction but also has important significance for promoting rapid recovery of patients. It is a safe and effective rehabilitation method.