人工智能生成物的著作权归属探究

Analysis to the Copyright’s Ownership of Artificial Intelligence Product

摘要: 人工智能围棋程序、微软“小冰”及ChatGPT等人工智能软件的出现，打破了传统的以人为主的创作方式，引发了诸多著作权问题。人工智能生成物是否属于著作权法中的作品是探究人工智能生成物著作权归属的前提与基础。因此，本文从学界存在的普遍争议即人工智能生成物是否具有独创性和是否属于智力成果两个方面出发，论证了人工智能生成物的可著作权性。在此基础上，探究了人工智能生成物的归属。首先否定了人工智能作为权利主体的观点，其次分析了人工智能生成物著作权归使用者与设计者共有、归使用者、设计者和所有者所有的制度的利弊。最后，构建了以合同优先为原则、以归使用者为一般原则和兼顾投资者利益为补充原则的归属制度。

Abstract: The emergence of artificial intelligence software such as AI Go program, Microsoft “Xiaobing” and ChatGPT has broken the traditional human-oriented creation method, which has led to many copyright issues. Whether AI generated works belong to the works in the copyright law is the premise and foundation for exploring the attribution of copyright of AI generated works. Therefore, this paper argues for the copyright ability of AI-generated works from the general controversy that exists in the academic community, i.e., whether AI-generated works have originality and whether they belong to intellectual achievements. On this basis, it explores the attribution of AI generated works. Firstly, the view of artificial intelligence as the subject of rights is rejected, and secondly, the advantages and disadvantages of the system that the copyright of AI-generated objects belongs to the user and the designer in common, and to the user, the designer and the owner are analyzed. Finally, it constructs a system of attribution based on the principle of contractual priority, the general principle of attribution to the user, and the supplementary principle of taking into account the interests of investors.