橡胶件材质鉴定研究

Material Identification Studies on Rubber Products

摘要: 不同的橡胶材质具有不同的特性，如果橡胶混用，发动机的性能就难以保障，因此橡胶材质鉴定尤为重要。国家标准对橡胶材质进行了宏观的划分，但没有对相似使用环境的橡胶进行鉴定标准细化。本文从橡胶的结构出发，采用红外光谱仪对橡胶进行表征，灵活运用红外光谱法对橡胶件进行吸光度和透过测试，提出了通过特有官能团来鉴别不同橡胶材质的检测方法，实现了硅橡胶、氟橡胶、三元乙丙橡胶、乙烯丙烯酸脂橡胶、丁腈橡胶和氯丁橡胶的鉴别。在此基础上，将红外光谱仪与X射线光电子能谱仪联用，对氟硅橡胶和硅橡胶进行了材质区分。本文详细介绍了不同橡胶之间的区别，深入说明了检测方法建立的依据。

Abstract: Different rubbers present various characteristics, and misuse of rubbers from different material qualities may decline engine performance. Thus, identifying rubber material quality is essential. The national standard provides a macroscopic classification for rubber material quality, while the specific identification for rubber materials quality in similar environments is still in a blank state. The rubber is characterized by an infrared spectrometer with absorbance and transmittance testing according to their structures. The proposed method for detecting different rubber materials by distinguishing feature functional groups achieves the identification of Silicon rubber, Fluororubber, Ethylene propylene diene monomer, Ethylene acrylate rubber, Nitrile butadiene rubber and Neoprene. On this basis, Infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy are combined to distinguish the materials of fluorosilicone rubber and silicone rubber. This article elaborates differences between various rubbers, and delves into the basis of testing methods.