论电子商务平台经营者的安全保障义务的责任认定

On the Responsibility Identification of Security Obligations of E-Commerce Platform Operators

摘要: 目前，有关电商平台的安全保障义务主要规定在《电子商务法》以及《民法典》之中，但由于二者在此规定上并不一致导致了适用上的困难。在实践中，电商平台的场所属性、平台明知或应知的认定缺乏科学的举证责任分配以及平台审核义务的范围不清等，成为需要明确的关键问题。基于此，可从场所公开性、经营性明确电商平台的经营场所或公共场所的属性，同时设立对明知或应知实行推定制，以及进一步明确平台审核义务的内容等层面对现有制度进行优化。

Abstract: At present, the security obligations of e-commerce platforms are mainly stipulated in the E-Commerce Law and the Civil Code, but the inconsistency between the two provisions leads to difficulties in application. In practice, the attributes of the e-commerce platform’s premises, the lack of scientific allocation of the burden of proof for the determination that the platform knew or should have known, and the unclear scope of the platform’s review obligation have become key issues that need to be clarified. Based on this, the existing system can be optimized from the aspects of clarifying the attributes of the business premises or public places of the e-commerce platform in terms of the openness and operation of the venue, and at the same time establishing the implementation of customization of what is known or should have been known, and further clarifying the content of the platform’s review obligations.