肝损伤后肝再生与自噬的关系
The Relationship between Liver Regeneration and Autophagy after Liver Injury
DOI: 10.12677/acm.2024.1451669, PDF,   
作者: 刘 赫:内蒙古医科大学附属医院,内蒙古 呼和浩特
关键词: 肝再生肝损伤自噬Liver Regeneration Liver Injury Autophagy
摘要: 自噬是一种生物体内的分解代谢过程,通过溶酶体降解消除细胞内无用的物质,来维持细胞内的稳态,并同时可以为生物提供营养和能量。肝脏具有很强的再生能力,在受到损伤后,会进行修复与再生,以恢复肝脏的正常功能。肝损伤后的肝再生情况与自噬有很强的相关性,本文综述了自噬与各种原因导致的肝损伤后肝再生之间的关系,并阐述了线粒体在相关疾病中的作用。
Abstract: Autophagy is a metabolic process in organisms that involves the degradation of useless substances by lysosomes to maintain cellular homeostasis, while also providing nutrients and energy for living organisms. The liver has a strong regenerative ability, and after being damaged, it will undergo repair and regeneration to restore normal liver function. There is a strong correlation between liver regeneration after liver injury and autophagy. This article reviews the relationship between autophagy and liver regeneration after liver injury caused by various reasons, and elucidates the role of mitochondria in related diseases.
文章引用:刘赫. 肝损伤后肝再生与自噬的关系[J]. 临床医学进展, 2024, 14(5): 2194-2199. https://doi.org/10.12677/acm.2024.1451669

参考文献

[1] Diehl, A.M. and Chute, J. (2013) Underlying Potential: Cellular and Molecular Deter-Minants of Adult Liver Repair. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 123, 1858-1860. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef
[2] Levine, B., Packer, M. and Codogno, P. (2015) Development of Autophagy Inducers in Clinical Medicine. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 125, 14-24. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef
[3] Meléndez, A. and Neufeld, T.P. (2008) The Cell Biology of Autophagy in Metazoans: A Developing Story. Development, 135, 2347-2360. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[4] Kiel, J.A. (2010) Autophagy in Unicellular Eukaryotes. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 365, 819-830. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[5] Qian, H., Chao, X., Williams, J., et al. (2021) Autophagy in Liver Diseases: A Review. Molecular Aspects of Medicine, 82, Article 100973. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[6] Clavien, P.A., Petrowsky, H., De Oliveira, M.L. and Graf, R. (2007) Strategies for Safer Liver Surgery and Partial Liver Transplantation. The New England Journal of Medicine, 356, 1545-1559. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef
[7] Schuppan, D. and Popov, Y. (2009) Rationale and Targets for Antifibrotic Therapies. Gastroentérologie Clinique et Biologique, 33, 949-957. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[8] Aydemir, T.B., Sitren, H.S. and Cousins, R.J. (2012) The Zinc Transporter Zip14 Influences c-Met Phosphorylation and Hepatocyte Proliferation during Liver Regeneration in Mice. Gastroenterology, 142, 1536-1546. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[9] Clavien, P.A., Oberkofler, C.E., Raptis, D.A., Lehmann, K., Rickenbacher, A. and El-Badry, A.M. (2010) What Is Critical for Liver Surgery and Partial Liver Transplantation: Size or Quality? Hepatology, 52, 715-729. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[10] Lin, C.-W., Chen, Y.-S., Lin, C.-C., et al. (2015) Amiodarone as an Autophagy Promoter Reduces Liver Injury and Enhances Liver Regeneration and Survival in Mice after Partial Hepatectomy. Scientific Reports, 5, Article No. 15807. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[11] 尹丽, 徐存拴. 自噬在大鼠肝再生中作用的初步探讨[J]. 生物信息学, 2017, 15(3): 156-163.
[12] Budnitz, D.S., Lovegrove, M.C. and Crosby, A.E. (2011) Emergency Department Visits for Overdoses of Acetaminophen-Containing Products. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 40, 585-592. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[13] Ni, H.M., Bockus, A., Boggess, N., Jaeschke, H. and Ding, W.X. (2012) Activation of Autophagy Protects against Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity. Hepatology, 55, 222-232. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[14] Jaeschke, H., Knight, T.R. and Bajt, M.L. (2003) The Role of Oxidant Stress and Reactive Nitrogen Species in Acetaminophen Hepatotoxicity. Toxicology Letters, 144, 279-288. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef
[15] Lee, J., Giordano, S. and Zhang, J. (2012) Autophagy, Mitochondria and Oxidative Stress: Cross-Talk and Redox Signalling. Biochemical Journal, 441, 523-540. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef
[16] Jaeschke, H. and Bajt, M.L. (2006) Intracellular Signaling Mechanisms of Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Cell Death. Toxicological Sciences, 89, 31-41. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[17] Ni, H.M., Williams, J.A., Jaeschke, H. and Ding, W.X. (2013) Zonated Induction of Autophagy and Mitochondrial Spheroids Limits Acetaminophen-Induced Necrosis in the Liver. Redox Biology, 1, 427-432. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[18] 伍智慧, 冉喆, 张睛睛, 等. 枸杞多糖对四氯化碳致急性肝损伤小鼠的保护作用[J]. 宁夏医大学学报, 2021, 43(4): 364-370.
[19] Guo, R., Lin, B., Pan, J.F., et al. (2016) Inhibition of Caspase-9 Aggravates Acute Liver Injury through Suppression of Cytoprotective Autophagy. Scientific Reports, 6, Article No. 32447. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[20] Shao, S., Zhang, Y. and Li., G. (2022) The Dynamics of Cell Death Patterns and Regeneration during Acute Liver Injury in Mice. FEBS Open Bio, 12, 1061-1074. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[21] 韩伟佳, 时红波, 时红林, 等. 肝再生增强因子通过增加自噬水平促进CCl4诱导的急性肝损伤中HL-7702细胞的增殖[J]. 中华肝脏病杂志, 2016, 24(10): 761-766.
[22] Gao, B., Ahmad, M.F., Nagy, L.E. and Tsukamoto, H. (2019) Inflammatory Pathways in Alcoholic Steatohepatitis. Journal of Hepatology, 70, 249-259. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[23] Devarbhavi, H., Asrani, S.K., Arab, J.P., Nartey, Y.A., Pose, E. and Kamath, P.S. (2023) Global Burden of Liver Disease: 2023 Update. Journal of Hepatology, 79, 516-537. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[24] Liu, L., Xie, P., Li, W., Wu, Y. and An, W. (2019) Augmenter of Liver Regeneration Protects against Ethanol-Induced Acute Liver Injury by Promoting Autophagy. The American Journal of Pathology, 189, 552-567. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[25] Alavian, S.M., Ande, S.R., Coombs, K.M., et al. (2011) Virus-Triggered Autophagy in Viral Hepatitis—Possible Novel Strategies for Drug Development. Journal of Viral Hepatitis, 18, 821-830. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[26] Chen, L., Ming, X., Li, W., et al. (2020) The MicroRNA-155 Mediates Hepatitis B Virus Replication by Reinforcing SOCS1 Signalling-Induced Autophagy. Cell Biochemistry and Function, 38, 436-442. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[27] Huang, H., Kang, R., Wang, J., Luo, G., Yang, W. and Zhao, Z. (2013) Hepatitis C Virus Inhibits AKT-Tuberous Sclerosis Complex (TSC), the Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin (MTOR) Pathway, through Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress to Induce Autophagy. Autophagy, 9, 175-195. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[28] Grégoire, I.P., Richetta, C., Meyniel-Schicklin, L., et al. (2011) IRGM Is a Common Target of RNA Viruses That Subvert the Autophagy Network. PLOS Pathogens, 7, e1002422. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[29] Guévin, C., Manna, D., Bélanger, C., Konan, K.V., Mak, P. and Labonté, P. (2010) Autophagy Protein ATG5 Interacts Transiently with the Hepatitis C Virus RNA Polymerase (NS5B) Early during Infection. Virology, 405, 1-7. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[30] Medvedev, R., Ploen, D., Spengler, C., et al. (2017) HCV-Induced Oxidative Stress by Inhibition of Nrf2 Triggers Autophagy and Favors Release of Viral Particles. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 110, 300-315. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[31] Mendes-Braz, M., Elias-Miro, M., Jimenez-Castro, M.B., et al. (2012) The Current State of Knowledge of Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Based on Its Study in Experimental Models. Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 2012, Article ID: 298657. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[32] Wang, Y., Shen, J., Xiong, X., et al. (2014) Remote Ischemic Preconditioning Protects against Liver Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Heme Oxygenase-1-Induced Autophagy. PLOS ONE, 9, e98834. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[33] Bhogal, R.H., Weston, C.J., Velduis, S., et al. (2018) The Reactive Oxygen Species-Mitophagy Signaling Pathway Regulates Liver Endothelial Cell Survival during Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Liver Transplantation, 24, 1437-1452. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
[34] Hu, C., Zhao, L., Zhang, F. and Li, L. (2021) Regulation of Autophagy Protects against Liver Injury in Liver Surgery-Induced Ischaemia/Reperfusion. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, 25, 9905-9917. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]