皂角米的性状和显微鉴别研究

Study on the Characteristics and Microscopic Identification of Gleditsiasinensis Lam.

摘要: 目的：对皂角米、滇皂角米及肥皂角米进行品种鉴别研究，以期为皂角米、滇皂角米及肥皂角米的质量控制提供依据。方法：采用性状和显微鉴别法对皂角米、滇皂角米及肥皂角米的品种进行鉴别。结果：肥皂角米表面呈棕褐色、气腥等性状特征，与皂角米、滇皂角米能较好鉴别，而皂角米较滇皂角米大而厚。皂角米显微中含有草酸钙方晶、胶质，而滇皂角米含有棕色块，肥皂角米含有棕色块和梯纹导管。结论：皂角米、滇皂角米、肥皂角米的性状和显微鉴别特征明显，可作为其质量控制的依据。

Abstract: Objective: To study the variety identification of Gleditsiasinensis Lam., Gleditsia japonica var. delavayi, and Gymnocladuschinensis Baill., in order to provide a basis for the quality control of Gleditsiasinensis Lam., Gleditsia japonica var. delavayi, and Gymnocladuschinensis Baill. Method: The varieties of Gleditsiasinensis Lam., Gleditsia japonica var. delavayi, and Gymnocladuschinensis Baill. were identified using morphological and microscopic identification methods. Result: Gymnocladuschinensis Baill. exhibits brownish-gray surface and malodorous characteristics, which can be distinguished from Gleditsiasinensis Lam. and Gleditsia japonica var. delavayi, with Gleditsiasinensis Lam. being larger and thicker than Gleditsia japonica var. delavayi. Microscopically, Gleditsiasinensis Lam. contains calcium oxalate prisms and gelatin, Gleditsia japonica var. delavayi contains brownish blocks, and Gymnocladuschinensis Baill. contains brownish blocks and ladder-like ducts. Conclusion: The morphological and microscopic identification characteristics of Gleditsiasinensis Lam., Gleditsia japonica var. delavayi, and Gymnocladuschinensis Baill. are distinct, providing a basis for their quality control.