基于脑电技术自我相关信息注意加工机制研究——在军人选拔中的探索应用与前景分析
Investigation of Attention Processing Mechanisms for Self-Relevant Information Based on EEG Technology—Exploring Applications and Prospects in Military Selection
摘要: 目的：随着国家对心理评估越来越重视，自我相关信息加工优势为军人心理选拔、心理筛查等领域提供了一项重要的理论基础。本研究探讨出生地信息作为自我相关信息的认知加工过程。方法：本研究采用脑电时频域技术，实验选取35名军校学员，自变量为不同相关度城市名称(高、中、低)。结果：在朝向注意中，Delta与Beta2频段三组SRI差异具有统计学意义(p < 0.05)。高SRI幅值高于中、低SRI (p < 0.05)。结论：SRI的注意加工神经机制在频域结果中差异显著，高SRI幅值高于中、低SRI，且主要在颞叶与额叶分布。
Abstract: Objective: With increasing national emphasis on psychological assessment, the processing advantage of self-relevant information provides a critical theoretical foundation for areas such as psychological selection and screening among military personnel. This study explores the cognitive processing of birthplace information as a component of self-relevant information. Method: Employing electroencephalography (EEG) in the time-frequency domain, the experiment involved 35 military academy cadets, with the independent variable being the relevance of city names (high, medium, low). Results: In the domain of attention orientation, statistically significant differences were observed in the Delta and Beta2 frequency bands among the three groups of Self-Relevance Index (SRI) (p < 0.05). High SRI amplitudes were higher than those of medium and low SRI (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The neural mechanisms underlying attention processing of SRI exhibit significant differences in frequency domain results, with high SRI amplitudes surpassing those of medium and low SRI, primarily distributed in the temporal and frontal lobes.
文章引用：冯廷炜, 孙凯文, 毋琳, 张玉婷, 曾令伟, 高云涛, 郭亚宁, 申洋洋, 梁淑怡, 韩媛媛, 王秀超, 刘旭峰, 王卉 (2024). 基于脑电技术自我相关信息注意加工机制研究——在军人选拔中的探索应用与前景分析. 心理学进展, 14(5), 383-393. https://doi.org/10.12677/ap.2024.145325

参考文献

[1] Cheng, S., Li, X., Zhan, Q. et al. (2022). Processing Self-Related Information under Non-Attentional Conditions Revealed by Visual MMN. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 16, Article ID: 782496.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[2] Chien, Y. L., Hsieh, M. H., & Gau, S. S. (2019). P50-N100-P200 Sensory Gating Deficits in Adolescents and Young Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry, 95, Article ID: 109683.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[3] Dignath, D., Eder, A. B., Herbert, C. et al. (2022). Self-Related Primes Reduce Congruency Effects in the Stroop Task. Journal of Experimental Psychology. General, 151, 2879-2892.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[4] Glim, S., Körner, A., Härtl, H. et al. (2023). Early ERP Indices of Gender-Biased Processing Elicited by Generic Masculine Role Nouns and the Feminine-Masculine Pair Form. Brain and Language, 242, Article ID: 105290.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[5] Jankowski, T., Stróżak, P., Zapała, D. et al. (2023). Self-Concept Clarity and Processing Self-Relevant Information: An Event-Related Potential Study. Social Neuroscience, 18, 1-15.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[6] Jelić, M. (2022). How Do We Process Feedback? The Role of Self-Esteem in Processing Self-Related and Other-Related Information. Acta Psychologica, 227, Article ID: 103592.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[7] Li, B., Hu, W., Hunt, A., & Sui, J. (2022). Self-Related Objects Increase Alertness and Orient Attention through Top-Down Saliency. Attention, Perception & Psychophysics, 84, 408-417.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[8] Lin, H., & Liang, J. (2021). Working Memory Load Reduces the Processing of Outcome Evaluation Involving Others but Not Oneself: Event-Related Potential Evidence. Psychophysiology, 58, e13938.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[9] Mao, X., Wang, Y., Wu, Y. et al. (2017). Self-Referential Information Alleviates Retrieval Inhibition of Directed Forgetting Effects—An ERP Evidence of Source Memory. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 11, Article No. 187.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[10] Martínez-Horta, S., Horta-Barba, A., Perez-Perez, J. et al. (2020). Impaired Face-Like Object Recognition in Premanifest Huntington’s Disease. Cortex, 123, 162-172.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[11] Potvin, S., Gamache, L., & Lungu, O. (2019). A Functional Neuroimaging Meta-Analysis of Self-Related Processing in Schizophrenia. Frontiers in Neurology, 10, Article No. 990.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[12] Savostyanov, A., Bocharov, A., Astakhova, T. et al. (2020a). The Behavioral and ERP Responses to Self-and Other-Referenced Adjectives. Brain Sciences, 10, Article No. 782.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[13] Savostyanov, A., Tamozhnikov, S., Bocharov, A. et al. (2020b). The Effect of Meditation on Comprehension of Statements about One-Self and Others: A Pilot ERP and Behavioral Study. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 13, Article No. 437.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[14] Sawada, R., Toichi, M., & Masataka, N. (2019). Electrophysiological Correlates of the Processing of Different Self-Aspects of Handwritten Names. Scientific Reports, 9, Article No. 9432.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[15] Scholz, C., C Baek, E., & Falk, E. B. (2023). Invoking Self-Related and Social Thoughts Impacts Online Information Sharing. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 18, nsad013.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[16] Shah, D., Knott, V., Baddeley, A. et al. (2018). Impairments of Emotional Face Processing in Schizophrenia Patients: Evidence from P100, N170 and P300 ERP Components in a Sample of Auditory Hallucinators. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 134, 120-134.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[17] Smith, S. D., & Bulman-Fleming, M. B. (2005). An Examination of the Right-Hemisphere Hypothesis of the Lateralization of Emotion. Brain and Cognition, 57, 210-213.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[18] Ten Brink, A. F., de Haan, R., Amelink, D. R. et al. (2023). Visuospatial Perception Is Not Affected by Self-Related Information. Consciousness and Cognition, 107, Article ID: 103451.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[19] Tortora, S., Rubega, M., Formaggio, E. et al. (2021). Age-Related Differences in Visual P300 ERP during Dual-Task Postural Balance. In Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (pp. 6511-6514). The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.[CrossRef] 
[20] Vuoriainen, E., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J., Huffmeijer, R. et al. (2022). Processing Children’s Faces in the Parental Brain: A Meta-Analysis of ERP Studies. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 136, Article ID: 104604.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[21] Xia, R., Shao, H., Cui, L. et al. (2021). Evidence for Self-Positivity Bias in a Subliminal Self-Cue: An Event-Related Potential Study. Neuroscience Letters, 744, Article ID: 135625.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[22] Xu, H., Gu, L., Zhang, S. et al. (2022). N200 and P300 Component Changes in Parkinson’s Disease: A Meta-Analysis. Neurological Sciences, 43, 6719-6730.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[23] Zhang, J. W., Howell, R. T., Chen, S. et al. (2022a). “I Have High Self-Compassion”: A Face-Valid Single-Item Self-Compassion Scale for Resource-Limited Research Contexts. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 29, 1463-1474.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[24] Zhang, Q., Luo, C., Ngetich, R. et al. (2022b). Visual Selective Attention P300 Source in Frontal-Parietal Lobe: ERP and fMRI Study. Brain Topography, 35, 636-650.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[25] Zhang, R., Zhang, M., Sima, J. et al. (2022c). Self-Reference Processing of Fat-Face and Sick-Face in Individuals with Different Disgust Sensitivity: Evidence from Behavioral and Neuroelectrophysiology. Neuropsychologia, 175, Article ID: 108368.[CrossRef] [PubMed]
[26] Żochowska, A., Jakuszyk, P., Nowicka, M. M. et al. (2023). The Self and a Close-Other: Differences between Processing of Faces and Newly Acquired Information. Cerebral Cortex, 33, 2183-2199.[CrossRef] [PubMed]