精神分裂症患者的人脸认知加工比较

Comparison of Facial Cognitive Processing in Mongolian Schizophrenia Patients

摘要: 目的：有证据表明精神分裂症早期有关面部识别的视觉神经会存在一定损伤，本研究探讨蒙古族精神分裂症(schizophrenia, schiz)患者在部分人脸和完整人脸条件下的认知功能差异。方法：26名精神分裂症患者完成了在部分人脸(S1)和完整人脸(S2)条件下的事件相关电位(ERPs)的采集。采用配对样本t检验的方法，比较两个条件下两组数据和左右脑区的P1，N170和P300成分差异。计算并锁定时间窗对脑电成分进行差异化比较。结果：在所选取的电极对(O1, O2, PO7, PO8, P7, P8, PO3, PO4)中，两个条件的结果差异非常显著(P < 0.05)：P1成分在S1条件下的波幅均小于S2条件。N170的波幅则刚好相反，是S1条件下的波幅均大于S2条件。P300成分在S1的条件下波幅均大于S2条件。在潜伏期上，P300的潜伏期在两个条件下差异较大。左右后枕区的差异也十分显著(P < 0.05)。结论：精神分裂症患者在不同的人脸条件下存在不同的认知加工方式。

Abstract: Objective: There is evidence that the visual nerve involved in facial recognition can be damaged in the early stage of schizophrenia. This study investigated the differences in cognitive function between partial and complete faces in Mongolian patients with schizophrenia (schizophrenia). Methods: Event related potentials (ERPs) were collected on partial face (S1) and whole face (S2) in 26 schizophrenic patients from Inner Mongolia. Paired sample T test was used to compare the differences of P1, N170 and P300 components between the two groups and the left and right brain regions under the two conditions. The time window was calculated and locked for differential comparison of EEG components. Results: in the selection of electrode (O1, O2, PO7 PO8, P7, P8, PO3, PO4), the results of the two conditions are very significant difference (P < 0.05): P1 composition in S1 amplitude under the condition of less than S2. On the contrary, the amplitude of N170 is larger than S2 in S1 condition. The amplitude of P300 in S1 condition is larger than S2 condition. In terms of incubation period, the incubation period of P300 differed greatly under the two conditions. The difference between left and right posterior occipital area was also significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Schizophrenia patients have different cognitive processing patterns under different face conditions.