探索我国生鲜冷链物流发展因素：一种基于模糊层次分析法的方法论

Exploring the Development Factors of Fresh Cold Chain Logistics in China: A Methodology Based on Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process

摘要: 生鲜产品逐渐成为人们生活中的重要组成部分，随着生鲜质量要求的提升，冷链物流也需要不断发展。本研究通过结合我国生鲜冷链物流发展现状及其问题，采用德尔菲法构建影响我国生鲜冷链物流发展的因素指标体系，通过模糊层次分析法对其进行分析。结果表明，模糊层次评价中，第一层次影响因素中，基础设施因素占比最高，综合评分最高的为主体运作因素；第二层次影响影响因素占权重最高的为物流中心建设因素。鉴于此，结合我国生鲜冷链物流发展问题，提出相应的政策建议：通过加强基础设施建设，解决“最先一公里”及“最后一公里”难题；建立以区块链信息技术为支持的冷链物流体系，实现信息实时控制；培养冷链物流领域相关人才，推动第三方冷链物流发展。从而为我国生鲜冷链物流发展做出理论贡献。

Abstract: Fresh products have gradually become an important part of people’s lives, and with the improvement of fresh quality requirements, cold chain logistics also needs to continue to develop. In this study, combined with the development status and problems of fresh cold chain logistics in China, the Delphi method was used to construct the factor index system affecting the development of fresh cold chain logistics in China, and the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process was used to analyze it. The results show that among the influencing factors at the first level, infrastructure factors account for the highest proportion, and the main operating factors have the highest comprehensive score. The second level of influencing factors has the highest weight, and the construction of logistics centers is the highest. In view of this, combined with the development of fresh cold chain logistics in China, corresponding policy suggestions are put forward: by strengthening infrastructure construction, solve the “first kilometer” and “last kilometer” problems; Establish a cold chain logistics system supported by blockchain information technology to achieve real-time control of information; Cultivate relevant talents in the field of cold chain logistics and promote the development of third-party cold chain logistics so as to make a theoretical contribution to the development of fresh cold chain logistics in China.