益生菌辅助治疗H型高血压的研究进展

Research Progress in Probiotic Assisted Treatment of H-Type Hypertension

摘要: 中国第三次全国死因调查报告表明，脑血管病已成为我国首位死亡原因。我国心脑血管病防治的重点是预防脑卒中。H型高血压患者的脑卒中发病率更高，在中国的高血压患者中大约有3/4是H型高血压，但H型高血压在临床实践中未得到普遍重视，对于已确诊的患者缺乏有效的治疗和随访。肠道菌群已被证实与高血压的高同型半胱氨酸血症相关，近10年来也存在大量证据证实益生菌治疗高血压和高同型半胱氨酸血症也许能取得更好的疗效，但益生菌治疗H型高血压的效果尚不完全清楚，还需要更多深入的探讨。本综述讨论了益生菌通过优化肠道菌群结构、调节肠道菌群代谢产物、抑制炎症反应、抑制氧化应激反应、以及其特定有益成分对高血压及高同型半胱氨酸血症的影响，更系统更深入地了解益生菌在H型高血压治疗中可能起到的作用，推测益生菌在H型高血压治疗中的潜力，为H型高血压的治疗提供新的思路。

Abstract: The third national investigation report on causes of death in China shows that cerebrovascular disease has become the leading cause of death in the country. The focus of prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in China is to prevent stroke. The incidence rate of stroke in patients with H-type hypertension is higher. About 3/4 of the hypertensive patients in China are H-type hypertension, but H-type hypertension has not received universal attention in clinical practice, and there is a lack of effective treatment and follow-up for patients who have been diagnosed. The gut microbiota is currently a hot research topic, which has been proven to be associated with hyperhomocysteinemia in hypertension. In the past decade, there has also been a large amount of evidence to prove that probiotics may achieve better therapeutic effects in treating hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia. However, the effectiveness of probiotics in treating H-type hypertension is not fully understood and further in-depth exploration is needed. This review discusses the effects of probiotics on hypertension and hyperhomocysteinemia by optimizing the structure of gut microbiota, regulating gut microbiota metabolites, inhibiting inflammatory response, inhibiting oxidative stress response, and their specific beneficial components. A more systematic and in-depth understanding of the potential role of probiotics in the treatment of H-type hypertension is provided, and the potential of probiotics in the treatment of H-type hypertension is speculated, providing new ideas for the treatment of H-type hypertension.