电商平台“通知–删除”规则适用研究

Research on the Application of the “Notification-Deletion” Rules on E-Commerce Platforms

摘要: “通知–删除”规则，初为著作权领域所采纳。然而，随着电商模式的演变与市场地位的提升，此规则已广泛适用于各类知识产权领域，并转变为侵权归责原则。在电商平台中，侵权问题日益凸显，而“通知–删除”规则为判定平台经营者责任提供了依据，但也给司法实践带来了挑战。司法案例显示，该规则在电商平台专利侵权中的应用仍面临诸多问题，如合格“通知”的内容规定不一致，电商平台经营者的审查义务不明确，恶意投诉的规制规则不完善，等待期的设置等问题。针对这些不足，需明确统一的“通知”内容，明确电商平台经营者的审查义务，对恶意投诉行为进行规制，明确“通知–删除”的时间范围。如此，方能使“通知–删除”规则更好地适应并服务于电商平台侵权的判定与实践。

Abstract: The “notice-and-takedown” rule was initially adopted in the field of copyright. However, with the evolution of the e-commerce model and the rise of its market position, this rule has been widely applied in various intellectual property fields and has been transformed into a principle of liability for infringement. In e-commerce platforms, the problem of infringement is becoming more and more prominent, and the “notice-to-delete” rule provides a basis for determining the liability of the platform operator, but it also brings challenges to judicial practice. Judicial cases show that the application of this rule in the e-commerce platform patent infringement is still facing many problems, such as the content of the qualified “notice” is inconsistent, the e-commerce platform operator's obligation to review is not clear, the rules of regulation of bad faith complaints are not perfect, the waiting period set up and other issues. In view of these deficiencies, it is necessary to clarify the content of the unified “notice”, clarify the review obligations of the e-commerce platform operator, regulate the malicious complaints, and clarify the time frame of “notice-deletion”. In this way, the “notice to delete” rule can be better adapted to and serve the e-commerce platform infringement judgement and practice.